76 
ORCHARD INSECTS. 
Mottled Umber Moth, Hybernia defoliaria , figured at p. 57.— 
Winged male usually pale brown, with darker brown cross-bands on 
the fore wings; hinder wings pale, with a brown spot near the middle, 
but sometimes the wings are of a uniform freckled brown. Female 
almost totally wingless; body brown, with two or more dark spots on 
the back of each segment. The caterpillar is brown above, with a 
black waved line along each side, and beneath this it is bright 
yellow, underneath of a more greenish yellow. It is also some¬ 
what marked above with grey, and, like the Winter Moth Caterpillar, 
is a “ Looper.” 
Other kinds of Looper Caterpillars are more or less present each 
season, but not, as far as I am aware, usually to a really serious 
extent. The caterpillars of the “March Moth,” however, resemble 
those of the Winter Moth so much—from being “Loopers,” and of a 
greenish colour, with one or more whitish lines along the sides—that 
as such they were forwarded to me during the past season. I have 
added a short note regarding them further on. 
Clisiocampa neustria. 
Lackey Moth and cluster of eggs, nat. size; and caterpillar, magnified. 
The two kinds of web-nest or tent-making caterpillar, of which the 
injuries are most commonly observed on orchard or garden fruit-trees, 
and more especially on Apple-trees, are the caterpillars of the Lackey 
Moth figured above, and those of the Small Ermine, or Small Apple 
Ermine Moth. 
The Lackey Moth (figured above at 3) has the fore wings of some 
shade of rusty fox, yellowish, or dark brown tint, with two transverse 
bars, which are sometimes paler, sometimes darker than the colour of 
the wing; the hind wings are of some tint of brownish. The cater¬ 
pillars, when full-grown, are about from an inch to an inch and a half 
in length, hairy, partly of a bluish grey colour, and gaily striped with 
white along the back, and three orange or red stripes and one blue 
