84 
PINE. 
From the above observations it would appear that almost the only 
preventive measure in the case of this kind of attack is to cut off the 
young growing shoots or flower-stalks when they show signs of 
infestation, and burn them with the contained caterpillars; and a little 
attention to this point, and also to clearing buds or opening blossoms 
infested by the Red Bad Caterpillar, would certainly be useful. If 
either of these attacks are much observed, I should be glad of 
observations of them. 
Note. — Observations of other injurious orchard insects were 
forwarded during 1889, but as the most important of these have 
previously been noticed, and this paper has run to great length, 
I have not entered again on these attacks. 
PINE. 
Giant Sirex; Yellow Fir-wood Wasp, Sirex gigas , L. 
Common Steel-blue Sirex, Sirex juvencus, L.* 
Female “ Wood Wasp ” and maggot. Jaw of maggot, with four sharp, narrow teeth ; 
and jaw of fly, with three broader teeth, both magnified. 
From the great size and brightly-contrasting colour of its yellow 
and black markings, the Giant Sirex is a very conspicuous insect, and 
a few specimens of this or of the Common Steel-blue Sirex* are from 
* I have adopted the German name of “ Steel-blue Sirex ” for this species, as, 
excepting in case of special variation, the deep glancing blue of the female dis¬ 
tinguishes it fully from the yellow and black colour of the commonest kind of 
British Sirex, namely, the yellow and black S. gigas. There is another blue Sirex, 
the S. magus, recorded as being sometimes, but very rarely, found in England (in 
the neighbourhood of London); the female of this is distinguishable by having 
various white dots and stripes on the blue abdomen. It therefore appears that if 
we add the word “ Common ” to the received German name of “ Steel-blue,” that 
this name will be quite correct, and also a great help towards recognising thq 
female of this very remarkable insect. Further details are given on p. 85, 
