16 
CABBAGE. 
and the Cauliflowers planted. Other three rows on another piece of 
ground, well-manured, seemed likely to go off altogether, and when I 
pulled up a plant I found the maggots in great quantities piercing the 
stem and roots. I at once applied a watering of guano (in the pro¬ 
portion of two handfuls of guano to a four-gallon can of water) to 
each plant; and whether it was the guano or not I cannot say, but 
after that not one went off, and they are remarkably fine. 
“ My other crops of Cabbage, Cauliflower (and also Carrots and 
Onions) are all clean, and the reason, I believe, is the ground being 
dressed with gas-lime. 
“ I am never without gas-lime, and I believe it to be one of the 
best friends farmers and gardeners have, both as a clearer out of pests 
and as a manure.” 
The notes of Mr. J. Whitton, from The Gardens, Coltness Wishaw, 
N.B., show little injury from Cabbage maggot on a system of manuring 
with only a small amount of stable manure and additions of artificial 
manure as required. He mentions the material applied is never 
manure in a rank condition ; it is a mixture of short grass, &c., off 
lawns, and the straw and droppings from the carriage-horse stables. 
This is well mixed and rotted during the season, and requisite addition 
made by applying artificial manures to all crops during the growing 
time. “ Generally we do not suffer so much by the Cabbage maggot 
as many of our neighbours, the only plants that suffer being the early 
lot of Cauliflowers and Brussels Sprouts, which are sown in heat, 
pricked out in frames, and finally planted with trowels. Plants sown 
in beds and drawn therefrom, and planted with a dibble, rarely suffer 
here. When the plants are fairly growing they get a dressing of 
guano, or are watered with liquid manure from the cow-house, and 
when the plants nearly meet in the rows they get a dressing of nitrate 
of soda. 
“ That is my usual treatment of the Brassicas, and we never fail 
in producing satisfactory crops of all sorts.” 
It will be noticed that one thread runs through almost all the above 
observations, and that is attack being the worst where farm manure 
(especially rank fresh manure) was used. Likewise, that where land 
had been treated beforehand with chemical dressing thoroughly 
obnoxious to the maggot, such as gas-lime, there was little or no 
attack. 
There is no doubt that gross feeders like Cabbage and Turnips 
need plenty of farm manure, but it is badly wanted that some methods 
should be made out by which manure might be treated and applied so 
as not to attract crop flies. 
The maggots of these flies live on vegetable matter for the most 
part, but also in rotting material, &c. Farm manure, which is in 
