46 
HOP. 
ashes, dry earth, or anything else which could be readily shovelled 
amongst the stems without doing them harm, would be a great 
deterrent. 
Mr. D. Turvill, writing from West Worldham, Alton, Hants, 
mentions:—“Cuckoo has been very troublesome again this year. 
‘ Catching ’ has been resorted to again by planters. The eggs are 
hatched in the ground, I believe, because the tiny things, no bigger 
than a Hop Louse, are observed at the base of the 'plant first. They 
change their skins very often, and when very small.” 
The following note confirms the view of the Jumpers coming up 
from the earth by the Hop :— 
Miss M. Golding, writing from Ivy Hatch, Sevenoaks, on July 28th, 
notices an attack having begun on a Hop-garden there, “ at present 
affecting the lower branches only.” Some Hop leaves were enclosed 
to show what were believed to be the remains of the insects which 
had caused the attack, which proved to be cast skins of Euacanthus 
that is, “ Cuckoos” or Jumpers, and one more advanced specimen. 
Mr. Gr. Turvill, of East Worldham (also Alton, Hants), noted on 
May 28th, on inspecting some Hop-bines carefully, that they were 
attacked by Cuckoos in a microscopic stage. Further on (May 20th) 
he mentions :—“ I also caught a few specimens of the Cuckoo Fly, 
apparently in two stages of moult, and submit the red-banded one has 
passed the second moult, as I find the very smallest (almost micro¬ 
scopic) of a dull ash-grey, without (to the naked eye) any bands ; 
second larger, of much the same colour, but banded; and third, 
larger still, beautifully coloured and marked. The old cast skins 
remain whole and intact, adhering to the under side of the leaf. At 
present I have been unable to ascertain where and how the Cuckoo 
passes the winter, whether in the crevices and under the bark of the 
poles or in the ground ; but the following fact has just come under my 
notice:—A grower had a plantation infested by ‘ Cuckoos ’; it was 
grubbed, and the poles removed during the winter to another ground, 
which up to this time was free. It is now as badly troubled as the old 
garden.” 
Mr. Turvill further observes :—“ From my own experience the 
attack is strongest in alternate years. In my own grounds they made 
a first appearance in 1876; a few solitary specimens in 1877 did 
slight damage; in 1878 they completely infested and destroyed about 
two acres in one garden ; in 1879 they almost disappeared, and the 
crop was good (for a bad season) ; in 1880 they attacked the whole 
garden, scarcely a plant reached the top of the pole, and the crop was 
a failure ; in 1881 ‘ Cuckoo ’ was scarce, and the crop good; 1882 
‘ Cuckoo ’ was numerous, weakening the plants, and was followed by 
‘Fly’ and total destruction of crop; but, when the plant was hope- 
