50 
ONIONS. 
manure maggots; and tlie observations are not complete as to it having 
been absolutely and certainly reared from maggots in tlie Beet leaves. 
But the observations of Mr. Lintner are well worth following up, and 
I should be greatly obliged to any agriculturists who, in the coming 
season, would send me pieces of infested Mangold or Beet leaves, by 
means of which I might rear tlie maggots to development; and we 
might thus learn whether we have various kinds of miners on these 
crops; whether they are kinds which frequent common weeds; and 
also whether any of them are of kinds which live also at roots or in 
manure. 
Injury from Leaf-maggot to Mangolds is also mentioned at Ad- 
maston, Bugely, and West Worldliam, Hants; and a note is given by 
Mr. David Byrd, Spurston Hall, Tarporley, that “the Mangolds were 
attacked by the grub in the leaf, and, having sown Turnips with 
them, we took out the Mangolds, and have a very promising crop of 
Turnips.” In this case fold-yard manure had been used in preparing 
the ridges. 
The settlement and spread of this Mangold maggot since 1879 has 
become such an important matter that I should also be particularly 
obliged if those who are good enough to communicate with me in the 
coming season would allow me to have notes of the kind of manure 
used and date of application, and also of the nature of the preceding 
crop. 
ONIONS. 
Onion Fly. Anthomyia ceparum, Curtis. 
Mrs. Carden notices the Onion Fly as having been most destructive 
this year in her garden at Endon, near Pershore, Onions and Shallots 
being both attacked. It is remarked :—“ It commences its attack not 
on the leaves, but on the lowest part of the bulb ; nothing seems to 
arrest its ravages.” The ravages appear to have been also general in 
the neighbouring villages. 
This matter of the point of attack is of much importance in 
arranging methods of prevention. Minute differences of description 
of species to which one specific name is given by various writers, 
likewise various specific names being given to what appears to be the 
same species , make it almost impossible to say in plain terms whether 
we have two or more kinds of Onion Fly in this country ; but it is very 
plain that we have another form of attack besides that mentioned long 
ago by John Curtis in liis * Farm Insects 
