it should be where there is a force of water on from waterworks) by the 
garden-hose used with a spreader. The Snowy Flies rise like a cloud 
on disturbance, and only fly a very little way, and thus many could be 
fairly drenched down on to the ground, and a sprinkling of lime or 
even ashes or earth above the wet surface would prevent the revival of 
such minute delicate forms. If soft-soap and water were syringed at 
the leafage this would also do much good. 
In the case of deciduous trees, like Pears, clearing away the fallen 
leafage in autumn and burning it would be very desirable. Stirring 
the top soil well, and putting a good dressing of quick-lime on the 
surface, would do good, and also brushing the bark with any mixture, 
or simply with lime-wash, so as to clear out or stifle any of the Flies 
that might be harbouring in crannies. 
Note .—The following observations refer to the benefit to Pears or 
other standard or wall-fruit trees from various methods of applications 
of lime, not only such as the whitewash and dusting often used, but 
proper cementing of walls, &c., so as to remove or destroy dead or live 
points of shelter and also some amount of the sheltering pests. 
The following note is from Mr. Gf. Brown, of Watten Mains, 
Caithness. He says :—“ Pear trees have suffered a good deal during 
the past years from the attacks of a caterpillar, which affected the 
leaves in such a way that they rolled up and gradually shrivelled and 
died. 
“ During the spring of this year these trees were taken out from 
the wall on which they were trained to admit of it being cemented and 
whitewashed. During this operation the trees received a good dose of 
the lime-wasli, which has cleared off the insects completely, as the 
foliage has been during the summer quite fresh, luxuriant, and a 
beautiful green.” 
Mr. D. Scott, Ballinacourte, Tipperary, notes:—“I remark that 
fruit trees in the garden here are more free from attack since I 
recommended dusting them in November with quick-lime ; it burns off 
the moss, removing all refuge for vermin.” 
