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veterinary points and practical treatment in the hands of those 
better qualified to deal with it; but irrespective of the immediately 
practical view of the attack, it would be of great entomological 
interest to have observations by which the fly might be identified 
and we might find whether one or more species are present. 
CATTLE. 
Ox Warble Fly, or Bot Fly. Hypoderma bovis, De Geer. 
Hypoderma bovis. —1, egg; 2, maggot; 3 and 4, chrysalis-case ; 5 and 6, fly. 
3 and 5, nat. size, after Bracy Clark; the other figures after Brauer, magnified. 
Warble attack is well-known by farmers and cattle owners in 
the form of swellings or “ bumps ” on the backs of cattle, which, 
when at maturity, or “ripe,” as it is tinned, open in the middle, 
and show within what looks like a black head, but which is really 
formed of two breathing spots placed in the tail end of the maggot, 
which lies, head end downwards, within the boil-like swelling. 
There it feeds by drawing in the filthy putrid fluid which the 
irritation caused by its presence gives rise to, and, when full grown, 
it forces itself out at the “warble-hole” and falls to the ground, 
where it buries itself, and in due time goes through its changes to 
a Warble Fly, to continue the infestation. 
