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That the Warble Fly does not follow cattle over water, consequently 
that allowing access to shallow pools is a great preservation from 
attack, is an opinion brought forward many years ago by the 
excellent authority Bracy Clark, and held since by many sound 
observers. Of this Mr. Thompson wrote me regarding presence 
of Warbles:— 
“ But where there are good large ponds and the animals go into 
the water and stand during the hottest part of the day they are not so 
rife. From what I can gather, as well as from observation, I find 
the Warble Fly will not cross any extent of water.” 
Mr. J. B. Scott, Sutterton Grange, near Spalding, wrote :— 
“During the recent hot weather I have frequently seen my 
feeding bullocks suddenly gallop off, with their tails erect, and rush 
into the nearest water, where they seem to be less tormented by 
the flies.” 
Dr. W. Fream, who is well qualified to judge of the matter both 
entomologically and agriculturally, mentioned :— 
“ Our cattle do not suffer much, but then we have plenty of 
marshy ground close at hand, and a good deal of timber which 
affords shade.” 
The benefit of access to shade or shelter from trees or sheds , as shown 
by absence of warble attack, is mentioned in the notes sent me by 
various cattle-owners in various parts of the country—from Ross- 
sliire, N.B., to Bideford, Devon ; and I noticed this myself whilst 
still resident at Sedbury Park, Gloucestershire. I have seen the 
home herd of cows going at the swinging trot which shows fly 
attack in the exposed pastures, or in the park, but I never saw this 
happening in one field where there was a thick open grove of oaks, 
with a shed amongst the trees, within and around which the herd 
sheltered themselves, and picked the hay which might be thrown 
about.—E. A. 0. 
Methods of destroying the Warble-maggot in the Hide. 
When the warble-swelling has “ripened,” as it is called (that 
is, has opened so that the two black specks at the end of the tail of 
the maggot are visible), then it can be destroyed easily and cheaply 
by so many kinds of applications, or kinds of treatment, that it is 
difficult to arrange them in some sort of order for reference. 
Where the maggot can be squeezed out, this is probably the very 
best plan of all. The grub is thus cleared out bodily,—quite got 
rid of,—the filthy fluid in the hole oozes out, the cavity draws 
together in somewhere about three weeks, and, excepting that the 
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