9 
In the Death Watch Beetle the egg is securely glued to 
the wood, and the larva goes right into the wood from it, and 
has the egg-skin to support it and prise against in its first 
work. Perhaps the appendage may serve the same purpose 
of steadying the egg. The ovipositor, also, does not seem to 
be intended for inserting the egg in the skin. The joints are 
retractile within each other, and are saw toothed, as in fig. 5. 
The egg is of an oval shape and white, with 
a small brownish lump-like appendage at one 
end. 
In applying mixtures to prevent attack, 
the following points should be acted on:—1st, 
Applying mixtures of such a strong smell as 
may be obnoxious to the fly, and overpower 
the attraction of the smell of the animal; 
Flg wimble 1 fT 101 ° f 2nc ^ Applications which would stick the fly 
fast, or kill the egg ; 3rd, Washes which would 
clear off the eggs, or destroy them if laid on the skin, or if 
lying just beneath the outer cuticle; and 4th, Protection 
afforded to cattle by being housed at egg-laying time. 
As the Warble Fly is chiefly on the wing at noon on 
sunny days, it is desirable that cattle should have the means 
of sheltering amongst trees or bushes, where there would be 
some degree of shade, coolness, and moisture, which the fly 
dislikes. It would also be well worth while, in the case of 
valuable milch cows and young animals, to provide them with 
access to sheds. Where animals cannot get from the fly, it is 
natural that they will suffer more than others which can. All 
writers agree that the Ox Warble Fly does not go over water; 
therefore a shallow pool, where the cattle can stand during 
the hottest part of the day, is a great safeguard from attack. 
These and the following precautions are not only needed for 
protection against egg-laying, but to save the cattle from the 
persistent trot and headlong gallop which is often brought to 
an end in the afore-mentioned places. Soft soap and black 
sulphur mixed in grease ; alum dissolved in water; quassia in 
water ; guano as a wash, or mixed with clay and water, have 
all been well recommended for preventing egg-laying and 
killing the hatching maggot. Anything that will make the 
coat unfit for laying on, without injury to the animal, will 
