10 
serve the purpose ; and the stronger and more repulsive the 
smell the better. But these are of no good if not used, and 
very often nothing is done until after egg-laying has begun. 
The following mixture is recommended by Mr. Henry 
Thompson, as useful to prevent egg-laying :—4 oz. flowers of 
sulphur, 1 gill spirits of tar, 1 quart train (whale) oil ; to be 
mixed well together, and applied once a week to each side of 
the spine of the animal with a brush. By continuing this 
treatment during summer and autumn, the hide is made un¬ 
attractive to the fly, preventing them depositing their eggs, 
and the animals are left in peace. It likewise destroys the 
egg or chokes the maggot by a broadside application, which 
includes all that is going on, whether seen or not. He says, 
paraffin, kerosine, carbolic acid, phenyle &c., are useful, but are 
too transient to be of service, and would have to be applied too 
frequently. He says it is a common practice to wash the 
cows’ backs with strong pickling brine, applied two or three 
times in the season. This is a good remedy, as the ovm 
would be destroyed immediatel it was placed in the skin. 
He also found Stockholm or green tar very useful. It was 
applied between top of shoulder blade and loins, and on the 
back, on first turning the cows out. One application of this 
lasts the whole season. Sulphur mixed with train oil will 
keep off the flies ; or sulphur with linseed oil. Mr. Duckham, 
Ross, says he had each cow dusted along the back with 
sulphur; and only two cows had one warble each, while their 
calves had several on their backs. 
Mr. Hatton mentions a mixture of sulphur and carbolic 
acid ; but Mr. Duckham was of opinion this would burn the 
hair off where applied. Mr. B. St. John Ackers says that if 
cattle turned out in the fields (cattle in sheds escape entirely 
with him) are rubbed down the spine and loins and ribs with 
train oil, they are quite free from attack. He found two or 
three dressings enough; but much depends on the season and 
thickness of coat. Mr. D. Lym Scott, Tipperary, applied 
spirits of tar, carbolic acid, sulphur, and linseed oil mixed 
together, once, to the backs of 28 two-year-old heifers showing 
symptoms of ringworm. The result was that not a single 
warble was found on them next year, although there were 
plenty on the others not treated, with which they had been. 
