2 6 
Miss Ormerod thought a rub with the end of a dip candle 
would be enough. 
I put a small piece of mercurial ointment on some open 
warbles on the 23rd of April, pricking some of the maggots 
with a pin previous to putting on the ointment. A clear gum¬ 
like liquid exuded from the maggot after pricking. The next 
day, all the maggots treated were dead. After pressing the 
maggots out of the warble, a quantity of matter came out. 
In pressing out the maggots, the animal seemed to feel pain. 
The cattle were very prone to lick off the ointment, both from 
themselves and others, so that I think it unsafe to apply much 
at one time. I applied tar to the maggots on several cattle, 
putting a small portion on each maggot. On examining 
them two days afterwards, I found the maggots were 
dead. 
In one specimen of leather there were about twenty-four 
holes caused by the warble maggot on a surface of 12 inches 
by 3 inches. The loss in value on warbled hides is often 10s. 
or 15s. apiece; and Mr. Stratton is of opinion that from 
injury to health, milk, and other causes, there was a loss of 
£1 per head per annum on the cattle in this country through 
the injuries inflicted by the Warble Fly. He estimates the 
total damage caused by this insect at £ 8 , 000,000 sterling. 
Mr. W. H. Liddell estimates the damage as upwards of 
.£2,000,000 sterling a year in Great Britain and Ireland, but 
the exact amount is not known. The loss is certainly very 
heavy. Miss Ormerod examined a hide on February 20th in 
a horrid state, with some of the mischief certainly owing to 
warbles. She found in one place a patch full two inches in 
diameter, and along near the spine the sub-cutaneous part of 
the hide was full of what she described as slight enlargements 
or “ puffs ” with blood or matter, or what seemed like 
lumps, almost like stringy greenish matter. The upper part 
of the carcase opposite to this bad state of things was 
discoloured. 
The following are the particulars of seven weeks’ supply of 
six classes of hides, being the total of each class of sound 
and warbled, sold at two markets in Birmingham, commencing 
May 3rd, up to and including June 14th, 1884, and showing 
the actual loss on each class of warbled hides ;— 
