44 
WARBLE FLY. 
powdered them over with flour of sulphur.”—T. Rogers, The Homme, 
Dilwyn, Leominster. 
“As a preventative from attack we rubbed a quantity of dry 
sulphur upon the back of our dairy cattle, from the shoulder to hip on 
each side of the spine, and a little on the brisket. We believe the 
sulphur had the desired effect, as our cattle were quiet in their 
pastures, while I could see some herds near were much tormented. 
The dressing was repeated frequently ; the brisket was dressed to keep 
the Gad Fly away. We used sulphur as being free from smell, and 
not liable to taint the milk.” —David Byrd, Tarporley, Cheshire. 
“For many years I have used a weak solution of McDougall’s 
sheep-dip, and have found it keep my grazing cattle perfectly quiet in 
the hottest day. We drive the cattle to a corner and keep them 
jammed close together by the dog, whilst the man sprinkles them with 
a common garden watering-pot with a rose on the spout. This is 
done every week if the weather is wet, otherwise about every ten 
days.”—H. Lindsay Carnegie, Kinblethmont, Arbroath, Nov. 13. 
On looking over the preventatives for attack, the sulphur, or 
sulphur, tar, and train oil, mixtures appear to be most approved; but 
the frequent mention that where the warble-maggots had been de¬ 
stroyed the herds rested at peace is a matter that calls for careful 
consideration. I give only a few words on this here, as the subject 
occurs further on under heading of remedial measures. But in a 
communication from Mr. Stratton, of The Duffryn, Newport, in 1884, 
he mentioned:—“ . . . Here, where I had all the warbles destroyed, 
I have observed only one animal running from fly so far, though in 
other years they have suffered badly enough. This looks like the 
effect of treatment, and, if so, indicates that the fly does not go far 
from its birthplace ” 
The following observation bears on the same subject:— 
“ Regarding the Ox Bot Fly, I may say that I have had none on 
my farm for at least ten years. My cattle are now never seen, with 
tails erected, running as fast as their feet can carry them. Purchased 
animals generally have these warbles in their backs; these we take 
good care to take out by making a small opening with a penknife and 
pressing out the worms. Thus we do not have the Bot Fly, neither 
does it seem to come from other farms.”— John Milne, Mains of 
Laitliers, Turriff, Aberdeenshire. 
A few remarks should perhaps here be given on the Ox Gad Fig, 
Tabanus bovinus, as, although this insect differs in every point as of 
size, appearance, and habits, in all its stages from the Warble Fly, its 
attacks cause severe pain, and in neighbourhoods frequented by the 
