APPLICATIONS. 
53 
On June 21st, 1889, Mr. G. F. Street, writing from Maulden, 
Ampthill, observed:—“Warbles are getting quite stamped out now on 
our two farms, as for the past three years we have not had on an 
average one dozen warbles on from sixty to seventy head of cattle, 
mostly young stock. We always use the McDougall’s smear, and find 
it a safe remedy.”—G. F. S. 
In a letter from Messrs. J. R. and R. R. Kirkham, of Biscathorpe, 
Lincoln, the Warble Fly paste, manufactured by Messrs. Tomlinson 
and Hayward, of Lincoln, is mentioned as very efficacious, not only 
by preventing the fly striking (if put on in time), but, if this has not 
been the case, by killing the maggot. This paste is mentioned as 
better than a liquid cure, for it is easier to use, adheres much longer 
on the cattle’s back, and is not so easily washed off by the rain (1894). 
The following report from Mr. F. C. Smith, of Clayton Park 
Square, Newcastle-on-Tyne, who bestowed much time and trouble on 
drawing attention to the subject of warble prevention, was sent me 
on June 4th, 1888 :— 
“ I lately met Mr. James Renton, tenant of North and South 
Brackley farms, near Blagdon, to whom I gave a copy of your notes 
about a year ago, and who then told me that his stock—numbering 
about forty head—were infested with warbles. He forthwith com¬ 
menced to use a dressing * composed of train oil and sulphur, of the 
consistence of thick cream, which he applied to the warbles with most 
excellent results; and later on, in August, he dressed them with the 
same preparation,—over the shoulders, and along the spine, and down 
to the hocks.” 
He reports that no warbles are upon stock of his own breeding, 
although he has had much trouble with Irish stock brought to fatten 
off; and that many of his neighbours are in a bad way with their 
stock suffering from warbles, and these people are now going to adopt 
the same remedial measures as my informant has proved to be so 
effectual. 
On June 14tli Mr. Ernest Mead, who had communicated with me 
before on the subject of warbles, from 1, Western Road, Tring, wrote 
as the result of his application of oil and sulphur to the back of cattle 
in the previous summer :— 
“As regards some three-year-old bullocks that were dressed, I have 
kept some of them till quite recently. After examining them several 
times I have not seen a trace of warble.” 
Relatively to the effect of salt in destroying the maggots, Mr. Edw. 
Argyle, writing from Tamworth, with the mention that he was an 
* Mr. Renton says that a gallon of train oil, costing three shillings, and sulphur, 
costing say threepence, was sufficient to dress thirty-two head once, 
