F. W. SCHUMACHER 
Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
INTRODUCTION 
An interchange of species of forest trees between various parts of 
the world has been taking place at an ever increasing rate in the past 
fifty years. Large plantings of trees, native to Europe and the Orient, 
are made in America, and European Foresters are planting native American 
trees to even larger extent. There are existing more planted trees of 
Green Douglas Fir, Sitka Spruce, White Pine, Red Oak and Black Locust 
in Europe than there were ever planted in their native country, over here. 
There is much experimenting to be done yet in America to determine 
just what the most suitable forest trees are for various conditions and 
requirements. 
It is the purpose of this list to make known and available in seed 
form any type of tree or shrub suitable for forest planting in the United 
States with special consideration of such strains as are hardier and 
superior to the average grade available. 
Besides regular forest trees, as for timber production, mention is 
given to trees and shrubs of value for marginal plantings on forests, for 
shelter belts and wind breaks, for erosion control work, as well as for 
cover and food plants for game, birds and all kinds of wild life. 
The need of marginal plantings on pure stands of planted timber 
should be emphasized. Young plantings take care of themselves, but 
when stands grow up, the importance of marginal plantings as wind 
screens, moisture retaining, disease and insect infestation controlling 
factors becomes obvious. Every natural forest has its marginal protec¬ 
tion and every planted forest should have it likewise. 
Control of insect infestation and bird protection go hand in hand. 
Where birds are properly protected and given a chance to multiply to 
the extent of the biologically possible limit, insect infestation will cease 
to be a problem. Breeding grounds planted for the special purpose to 
re-introduce birds, should be planted wherever possible. Experiments 
in the line of bird protection as conducted the past fifty years in European 
countries, have proven the feasibility of such undertaking. 
Suggestions, critical as well as constructive, to the contents of this 
list are cordially invited. 
