74 
I. NAGAI : 
In certain varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris, Tschermak (1912) showed that 
the coloured seed coat was dominant over white, and among coloured types the 
relation, black >violet > brown w r as established. Shull (1908) also found in 
the same plant, purple, brown, yellowish-brown and yellow were dominant 
over white. He proposed the following genetic composition for the different 
self coloured types : 
Browu and yellow 
Pbm 
Black 
PBrn 
White 
pBM 
in which P is a gene for the pigment, B the modifier of the pigment, and 
M the mottling gene. P may correspond with GO or G and B with R in 
our case. 
In dealing with the colour of patterns of the seed coat of Vigna ungui- 
culata and Vigna sinensis Spillman (1913) and Haeland (1919) respectively 
found that the solid coloured types were dominant over the mottled and less 
coloured ones. The latter author showed also that black was dominant over 
brown, and brown over red. The brown was completely dominant over red 
in P\ and brown, maroon, and red arose in the F, by the ratio 12: 3 : 1. 
These colours are of the phlobaphene nature and no anthocyanin is concerned 
except black. The genetical behaviour of the phlobaphene colour types in 
this plant is quite similar to that which we have seen in Adzuki and soy 
beans. In all these cases the more intense reddish-brown is recessive to less 
intensely coloured types. 
In Zea Mays, East and IIayes (1911) 1 showed that the dark-red pericarp 
was a simple dominant over white. The colour of the pericarp is due to the 
pigment belonging to the phlobaphene group. The purple and red aleurone 
colours are due to anthocyanins. The formation of the anthocyanin pigment in 
the aleurone cells is in certain cases, governed by the genes (C. R, P of 
East and Hayes, G, B, A, Pr. of Emerson) which are apparently similar in 
kind as those met in the case of Lathyrus, Antirrhinum and Oryza. 
1. East, E. jVX. and Haïe?, H. K., Inheritance in Maize. Bull. Conn. Agric. Exp. Station. 
1G7, 1911 .—Emerson, It. A., A Fifth Pair of Factors, A a, for Aleurone Color in Maize, and Its 
Relation to the C c and J» r Pairs. Cornell University Agric. Exp. Station Memoir 16, 1918. 
