no 
ON THE SCALE INSECT OF MULBERRY TREES. 
color than the remaining portion of the body. The ventral side 
of the pygidium is nearly similar in color, form, and nature to 
the dorsal. The lateral margins of the pygidium are irregularly 
dentated, and bear a few spines bifurcated, or divided into three 
short branches ending with a fine slender filament, and also a 
few short simple hairs. At the free narrow posterior end of the 
pygidium, there lie two short and wide processes arranged 
very close side by side. At the portion nearly anterior to one 
third of the ventral side of the pygidium, there lies a small 
genital opening. On the three sides of the genital opening, there 
can be seen five groups of very small polygonal or circular areas, 
of which one is on the anti-median portion of the opening, and 
the remaining four (two on each side) on the lateral portion of 
the same. Each of the groups is more or less oval and elongated, 
and they lie close to each other end to end. These polygonal or 
circular areas are marked on their surface with a number of 
minute dots. They are considered as secretory pores by Tozetti, 
and Franceschini 1 in the species Diaspis pentagonia, Targ., but 
I think in my specimen, they are not secretory pores, being 
simply a sort of markings (Fig. 5, PI. I.). The antennæ (Fig. 6, 
PI. I.) are two in number, and lie close at their base on the 
ventral side of the first segment near its free anterior edge. They 
are formed of a single stout broad piece, having three processes 
of variable size, at the base of which is beset a single long bristle 
(Fig. 6, PI. I.). 
The mouth parts (Fig. 7, PL. I) are modified into four long 
filaments (mandibles and maxillæ) which are inserted on a 
small process at the ventral side of the first segment of the body. 
They arise from one and the same point, and all of them are 
closely applied to each other, so as to form a single long brown¬ 
ish thread, whose length (1,2 mm.) is a little less than that of 
the body. The insect remains attached to the bark by penetrat¬ 
ing the thread deep into the bark of the mulberry tree in order 
to suck the nourishment. 
Anterior to the insertion of the thread, there lies a nearly 
triangular and somewhat concave space, which is protected on 
all sides by a rectangular chitinous ring which lies just beneath 
the skin. This concave space seems, however, to have a func¬ 
tion similar to the sucking discs on the arms of the cuttle-fish, 
