ON THE SCALE INSECT OF MULBERRY TREES. 113 
vary from a hundred to a hundred and fifty in number. The 
larger eggs are oblong oval, transparent, and measure 0,05 mm. 
and 0,025 mm. in the longer and shorter axis respectively. The 
light greenish contents of the eggs are easily seen through the 
transparent egg-shell. In May and June as well as August and 
September, the female insects lay eggs by projecting a temporary 
fleshy process from a genital opening on the ventral surface of 
the pygidium (Fig. 10, PI. I.). All the eggs laid, lie usually in 
groups beneath the body of the mother insect under a scale. 
Even after the mother insects have finished depositing their 
eggs, they remain alive for some time. A single female deposits 
usually about a hundred eggs much larger than the ovarian 
eggs which were found in the previous spring, but they still 
retain an oblong and oval form, and measure now 0,247 rom¬ 
and 0,114 mm. in the longer and shorter axis respectively (Fig. 
11, PI. I.). The newly laid eggs are always pale yellow, but 
later as the embryo is fully developed within the egg, the latter 
changes from light to deep orange yellow. The larvæ are 
hatched some days after being deposited, and they crawl about 
from fissures or cracks formed at one or more places along the 
marginal edge of the scale. At the moment the young larvæ are 
hatched, the transparent thin egg-shell breaks always in one 
and the same way, that is, from one pole of the egg extends a 
breaking line as far as the median portion on two sides of the 
egg-shell. The newly hatched larvæ (Fig. 12; 12, a. PI. I.) are 
oval flat,,light orange red in color, the length and breadth of 
the body 0,266 mm. and 0,193 mm. respectively. The body is 
covered with a few fine short hairs over its entire surface, and 
its cuticula is marked all over with very fine wavy lines which 
are closely arranged side by side (Fig. 12, c. PI. I.). The 
three regions of the body are not distinct, and the latter is 
composed of nine unequal segments, of which the anterior first 
segment is much larger than the last, that is the ninth segment, 
while both are hemispherical in form. The remaining seven 
segments are short, but their breadth exceeds that of the two 
extreme segments. The anterior first segment is marked on 
either side of the dorsal surface with a longitudinal slight de¬ 
pression. On the front of the same surface there lie two small 
black simple eyes lying wide apart from each other, and further 
