September 24, 1892. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
57 
Alternantheras, Coleus, &c. —Tender subjects 
like these, intended for bedding purposes and which 
were put into heat to form roots, should be freely 
ventilated as soon as well rooted. The healthier and 
hardier they are made in the autumn months the 
better they will keep during winter. Iresines maybe 
placed under the same category. Lobelias may 
readily be rooted and kept in pots or boxes, but a few 
old plants in pots would also prove very useful. By 
cutting them over now a short young growth would 
be produced, from which cuttings in abundance 
would be obtained in spring. 
Flower Garden. —Every effort should be made 
to prolong the interest and beauty of this part of the 
by keeping it neat and trim. Should the 
grass become rank it must get another mowing, 
because it retains the moisture so long in the morn¬ 
ing as to make walking upon it uncomfortable till late 
in the day. Trim the edgings of both beds and walks, 
and remove the decayed flowers of Pelargoniums 
and other subjects to give them a fresher appear¬ 
ance. 
Hoeing and General Work.— During dry wea¬ 
ther the hoe should be kept going between all young 
and growing crops to keep down weeds and encourage 
growth by the aeration of the soil. Pull up Pea 
stakes where the crops are gathered, and remove the 
straw. The stems of Cauliflowers and Cabbages 
where the heads have been cut should be pulled up 
unless it is desired to obtain small Cabbages from 
the sprouts. Earth up Celery and Leeks in dry 
weather. 
-- 5 -- 
©bituan>. 
There was laid to rest in Echt Churchyard, Aber¬ 
deenshire, on Saturday last, the remains of Mr. 
Samuel Farquhar, who was in his usual health up 
to within a few minutes of his death, which was due 
to weakness of the heart. Mr. Farquhar, who had 
reached the ripe old age of 86 years, was for the long 
period of 52 years head gardener at Dunecht House, 
near Aberdeen, and during that time he enjoyed in a 
marked degree the esteem of the former proprietors, 
Mr. Forbes and the late Earl of Crawford and 
Balcarres. His tenure of office was no sinecure, and 
in particular during the time the laying-out of the 
lawns and policies of Dunecht House was in 
progress the whole of the work developed upon Mr. 
Farquhar. The successful manner in which he 
carried out the arrangements amply justified the 
confidence reposed in his professional abilities by the 
Earl of Crawford, and has been the source of 
general admiration. In all matters pertaining to his 
profession he took an intelligent and enthusiastic 
interest, and he was ever ready to assist by sound 
advice those who consulted him on horticultural 
matters. On account of advancing years Mr. 
Farquhar relinquished his appointment at Dunecht 
House 15 years ago, and since then he has resided 
with his son, Mr James Farquhar, at Old Echt. Mr. 
Farquhar's repertory of Scotch stories and bygone 
local incidents was extensive and highly entertaining, 
and, delivered in his characteristic manner, rendered 
his company at all times enjoyable. 
We regret to record the death at Manchester, on 
the 27th ult., of Mr. Michael Saul, who for some 
30 years was gardener at Stourton Park, Knares- 
borough, Yorkshire. Mr. Saul was born in Co. Cork 
in June, 1817, his father being then gardener at 
Carey's Wood. In early life he served in a number 
of establishments in the South and West of England, 
and went to Stourton in 1848. Here he proved him¬ 
self to be a practitioner of the first order, and took 
an especial interest in the cultivation of hardy fruits, 
on which subject he was a frequent contributor 
to the gardening press until he left Stourton in 1878. 
--S-- 
Questions md snsuieRs. 
%* Correspondents are requested, in order to avoid delay, 
to address all communications to "The Editor” 
or “ The Publisher,” and not to any person by 
name, unless the correspondence is of a private 
character. Telegrams may be addressed “ Bambusa, 
London." 
Clubbed Cauliflower. — R. J. L. : If they are 
as bad as you state them to be the best plan would 
be to pull or dig them up immediately and have the 
ground cleared. Have them burnt or otherwise 
effectually destroyed. But in any case they should 
not be placed amongst the ordinary garden refuse to 
be brought back again as vegetable manure. The 
large clubbed roots are simply masses of spores that 
would reproduce the evil another year. This fact is 
as a rule, however, utterly disregarded by gardeners, 
who thus court failure year after year by neglecting 
what are apparently quite trivial matters, but in 
reality are of the greatest importance in the success¬ 
ful culture of vegetables. The soil from which the 
plants are taken should be trenched 18 in. or 2 ft. 
deep, if circumstances will permit, turning the top 
spit to the bottom of the trench so as to burv as 
many of the spores as possible and prevent them 
from doing injury next year. 
Two-spathed Calla— W. Weller '. We have on 
several occasions seen instances of the kind, and 
others have been sent to our office. Your specimen 
is one of the most perfect coming under our notice, 
as both spathes are close together, of good substance 
and well coloured. The outer one is generally con¬ 
sidered to be a leaf which has been carried up upon 
the flower stem, and occasionally this idea is 
strengthened by the fact that the outer spathe is 
lower down the stem than the other. In certain 
cases the second spathe might be a largely developed 
bract at the base of the spadix or central axis bear¬ 
ing the flowers. Excessive vigour of growth is 
generally believed to be the cause of this strange 
behaviour. It cannot be depended upon to remain 
constant, nor to turn up again in the same plant. 
Camellia Japonica.— Camellia : It is said to have 
been introduced into this country in 1739, by Robert 
James, Lord Petre. We have no means of knowing 
how many varieties there are in cultivation at the 
present day, but perhaps about 300 would not be very 
wide of the mark. 
Chrysanthemums.— Ome:a : Precocite, so far as 
we'can tell from a smashed flower. 
Tulips. — Omega : Singles : White, Pottebakker, 
Yellow, Canary Bird ; Scarlet, Vermillion Brilliant. 
Doubles: White, La candeur; Yellow, Yellow 
Tournesol; Scarlet, Rex rubrorum. All first-class, 
and moderate in price. 
Names of Fruits. —J. B. : 1, Kirke’s Plum ; 2, 
not known to us.— C.H.: 1, Bellegarde Peach; 2, 
Barrington Peach ; 3, Black Diamond Plum : 4, 
Prince of Wales Plum ; 5, not sufficiently developed 
for recognition ; 6, General Todtleben Pear. 
Names of Plants. — Wm. Wilkinson : Polygonum 
cuspidatum, introduced from Japan in 1825.— J. C. 8.: 
1, Plantago major; 2, Calamintha officinalis; 3, 
Spergularia marina : 4, Glaux maritima ; 5, Capsella 
Bursa pastoris ; 6, Rubia peregrina; 7, Atriplex 
portulacoides; 8, Atriplex hastata; 9, Beta 
maritima. 
Coleus Seedlings.— Constant Reader -. There are 
plenty like them already in existence, but if of good 
habit, No. 2 might be worth growing on for local 
sale. 
Carnations and Picotees.— A. Nicholson : We 
regret our inability to oblige you. We cannot under¬ 
take to name Florists' flowers, there are too many of 
them, and a great deal too many that are closely 
alike. Your best plan is to look over the collection 
of a local trade grower and see if you can identify 
any of them there. 
Lily Bulbs.— J. C. B.: The best time to repot 
the plants you have got in pots is as soon as the 
leaves and stems have withered and dried up 
naturally. They should not be unduly hastened by 
withholding water and starving them. The time 
they will die down naturally depends upon the time 
they were started and flowered. As soon as the 
stems have quite died down, they may be repotted, 
as they are then most perfectly at rest. If left 
longer they start into fresh growth, and if the young 
roots are bruised and broken in the operation of 
transferring them to fresh soil and pots the bulbs 
suffer considerable injury. Good friable, turfy loam 
with some silver sand makes the best compost for 
most Lilies in pots, and you may add a little peat 
for L. auratum. Some silver sand placed round the 
bulb assists in keeping the latter in a sound con¬ 
dition. 
Figs.— A. T. : The six feet border between the 
wall and the path will be ample, but you need only 
use a part, say the three feet from the wall, for the 
first two or three years. A depth of 2 ft. will be 
sufficient Make the drainage perfect, and fill up 
with good loam and old mortar or lime rubble, well 
mixed together to make the compost porous, and add 
very little or no manure. You do not want rampant 
growth, and the plants can always and easily be fed 
with liquid manure. They will not do well if the 
stage is not removed before planting, but to 
economise space when the shoots reach the top of 
the wall you may turn them down under the roof for 
a few feet. 
Apples Dropping.— W. Scott : Several agencies 
might be at work in bringing this about. The 
Codlin Grub may be at work, and may be detected 
by a hole in the fruit near the base and from which 
the excrement of the creature is being ejected from 
time to time. All fruits so injured should be 
gathered as soon as they fall and before the grub has 
had time to escape. The fruit should be given to 
pigs or otherwise thoroughly destroyed if of no other 
use, to make sure of effecting the destruction of the 
grab. The trees may in reality, however, be suffering 
from dryness at the root, seeing that the autumn has 
been so dry, and if bearing a heavy crop the supply 
of moisture is inadequate to enable the fruit to swell 
properly or come to maturity. The best way to 
remedy this is to take out a shallow basin round the 
base of the tree and give several good waterings with 
diluted liquid manure, afterwards filling in the loose 
soil. Mulching would also be very beneficial. 
Salvias for Winter Flowering — R. S. : Unless 
the pots are unusually small we should not advise 
you to shift them into a larger size after this date. 
A better p'an would be to supply them with w»eak 
liquid manure at every second watering, and this 
will encourage a good development of flower-buds. 
The liquid manure may be continued till the buds 
commence to open. 
Communications Received. —W. C.-E. L. — 
G. W. A.—A. N.—W. N— R. B.—O. T.—C. H. M. 
—D. P. L—T. L.—S.—T. W.—P. M.-E. C. S.— 
J. D.—G. A. L. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
T. Horsman, io2, Godwin Street, Bradford.— 
Dutch Bulbs, Roses, etc. 
Dobie & Dicks, 66, Deansgate, Manchester.— 
Dutch Bulbs and other Flower Roots. 
Ketten Freres, Luxembourg.—Catalogue of 
Roses. 
J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, Sussex. Trees and 
Shrubs, Fruit Trees, etc. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
September 20 th, 1892. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Hnundsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, E C., report a good 
demand for Trifdium incarnatum, which owing to 
its scarcity realises higher prices. Winter Tares in 
good supply, and sell steadily at rates current last 
week. Rye grasses dearer. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
September 21 st, 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices 
s. d s. d. 
Grapes.per lb. 06 16 
Kent Filberts 100 lb. 80 o 
,, Cobs.ioolb. 80 o 
Peaches ... per dozen 20 60 
Melons.each 10 16 
s. d. 
Pine apples. 
—St. Michael’s, each 2 6 
Apples...per \ sieve 1 o 
Plums...per h sieve 1 3 
s. d 
6 0 
3 6 
2 6 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
ArtichokesGlobe doz. 30 60 
Beans, French, perlb. o 6 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 16 26 
Carrots ... per bunch o 6 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 30 60 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 03 06 
Endive. French, doz. 26 30 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
s. d. j. d 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 16 20 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 20 
Onions.per bunch 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Spinach, per strike ... 1 6 
Tomatos. per lb. o 6 09 
Turnips.per bun. 06 
Potatos. —Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
f. d. s. d. 
Asters .per doz. 40 60 
Balsams .per doz. 30 60 
Begonias ...per doz. 6 o 12 o 
Cyperus .per doz. 4 0 12 o 
Dracasna term., doz. 24 o 36 0 
Dracaena viridis,doz. 90180 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 o 24 o 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 0 18 o 
Ferns, small, per 100 60100 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 0 60 o 
Chrysanthemum, doz. 40 90 
— large, doz.12 o 30 o 
s. d. s. d 
Fuchsia, .per doz 30 60 
Heliotrope, per doz. 40 60 
Lilium Harrisii,doz. 12 0 24 o 
Lilium lancifolium... 12 o 24 o 
Lilium Auratum. 1.3 o 36 0 
Marguerites, perdoz. 6 o 12 o 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 10 0 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 o 63 o 
Pelargoniums.perdoz. 6 o 12 o 
—scarlet.per doz. 20 40 
Solanums.perdoz.12 o 15 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s d 
Arum Lilies, i2blms. 20 4 o : 
Asters.doz. bun. 20 60 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 30 
Carnations, doz. bun. 40 60 
Chrysanthemum,dz bn3 060 
— .doz. blooms 10 30 
Cornflower doz bnchs 1 630 
Eucharis ...per doz. 20 40 
Gardenias 12 blooms 16 30 
Gladioli...doz. buns. 6 o 12 o 
— .doz. spikes 10 20 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 03 06 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 16 30 
Liliums var., dz.blms. 10 30 
MaidennairFern,i2bs.4 060 
Marguei ites, 12 bun. 103c 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 20 4 c 
s. d. 
Myosotis or Forget- 
me-not, doz. bnchs. 2 o 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. o 6 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 3 o 
Primula, double, bun. o 6 
Pansies, doz. bchs ... 1 o 
Pyrethium doz bnchs 2 o 
Oi chid Bloom in var. 
per bloom, from o 3 
Roses, doz bunches 4 o 
Roses, yellow, dozen 3 0 
— Red.doz. blms. 1 o 
— Saffrano...per doz. 1 o 
— Tea.per dozen 1 0 
Stephanotis, dz. sps. 2 6 
Stocks.doz. bun. 3 o 
Sweet Peas, dz. bns. 1 o 
Sweet Sultan, dz. bn. 2 o 
Tuberoses, per doz o 3 
s. d 
4 o 
o 9 
4 o 
0 9 
2 o 
4 o 
1 0 
6 o 
4 o 
2 o 
2 o 
2 o 
4 o 
4 o 
3 o 
4 o 
o 6 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Amateurs and the R.H.S. ...49 
Apple, Greenup’s Pippin.55 
Apple, Lady Sudely.55 
Ayrshire Flower Show.52 
Begonia as a bedder, the.48 
Calceolaria Kellyana.55 
Cattleya bicolor Wrigleyana56 
Celosias and Cockscombs ...50 
Chrysanthtmums, October...48 
Cypripedium Cleola.56 
Davallia retusa .55 
Durham Flower Show.51 
Gar deners’ Calendar.56 
Hollyhock notes.52 
Illinois prairie, on an .49 
International Potato Exhi- 
biiion.47 
Ixora macrostachya.55 
Kinver Seed Farms.50 
tage 
Lowfield Nurseries .52 
Obituary .57 
Onion Show, an .54 
Orchid Notes .56 
Oxalis Smithiana.55 
Pea, Sutton’s Exhibition 
Marrowfat .55 
Phloxes at Chiswick.57 
Potatos, Notes on .54 
Potato Disease prevention ...54 
Rose Nursery, an Irish.54 
Rubus odoratus.55 
Silene Schafta.55 
Societies . 56 
Vegetable Garden, the.51 
Veronica Bidivvlli .55 
Violas, minature.49 
Worth Park .52 
