232 
THB GARDENING WORLD. 
December 10, 1892. 
ANTHURIUM LONDINENSE 
As might be imolied from the name, this is of garden 
origin and a hybrid much in the same way as A. fer- 
rierense that first made its appearance in British 
gardens some years ago. The spathe is broadly 
heart-shaped, suddenly narrowed to a point, smooth 
like that of the last-named hybrid, and of a bright 
red, almost scarlet colour. The leaves are very 
much of the same shape as the spathe, but more 
elongated at the apex, leathery, and of a rich dark 
green colour. Judging from the specimens in the 
nursery of Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, Upper 
Holloway, the plant is vigorous, of easy cultivation, 
and lasts a long time in perfection. Flowers of any 
kind are welcome in the stove at this dull period of 
the year. 
CARNATION [MADAME ERNEST BERGMAN. 
The flowers of this tree and winter-flowering variety 
are of moderately large size, and delicate pink after 
the style of Miss Joliffe, but paler. A batch of 
plants 12 in. to 16 in. high is to be seen in the nursery 
of Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, Upper Holloway. 
The stems branch freely, making compact habited 
little bushes. The leaves are narrow and glaucous. 
The petals are broad, very slightly toothed at the 
apex, and not too crowded, so that they expand 
freely. Carnations are never more esteemed than in 
winter, and then judging from the market stand¬ 
point as to the likings of the British public, the light- 
coloured varieties are most in favour. 
ARAUCARIA COOKSONI. 
The commonest species of Araucaria to be seen in 
greenhouses during the winter, or indeed at any 
time is A. excelsa. That under notice is a compara¬ 
tively unknown plant amongst British gardeners. It 
may, however, be grown under the same conditions 
as A. excelsa as to temperature and otherwise. The 
branches spread horizontally, are ovate in outline 
and flattened, that is having all the side branches on 
the same level. The leaves are very numerous, as¬ 
cending, incurved, and densely clothe the twigs. 
They feel soft to the touch, in fact, more so than 
those of A. Rulei or A. excelsa itself. The habit of 
the plant is similar, but it is slightly more heavily 
built, and therefore differing somewhat in effect 
when used for decorative purposes. We noted all of 
the above in the nursery of Messrs. B. S. Williams 
& Son, Upper Holloway. 
ORCHID NOTES AND "GLEANINGS, 
The Orchid Growers' Calendar. 
East India House. —The Calanthes will soon be 
making a good show in this house, and as these are 
more or less deciduous when flowering, they are 
shown off to better advantage when arranged 
together at one end with a few small Palms and 
Ferns among them. The early-flowering Phalaenop- 
sis, such as Amabilis, will soon be in bloom, and 
where spiked are large and have many branches, it 
will be all the better for the plant if some of them 
are removed, and the flowers that are left to develop 
will also be much larger. The spikes should be cut 
as soon as all the flowers have expanded, if the 
plants are to retain their vigour. The atmosphere 
of this division must not now be over-charged with 
moisture or spotting of the foliage will ensue, and 
especially so will this be the case if by chance the 
temperature should fall very low, as it will do some¬ 
times no matter how careful we may be. Not much 
harm, however, will be done if the atmosphere is 
dry, and the temperature is got up to the required 
height as soon as possible in the morning. Where 
Phalsenopsis are grown in cylinders, the base of 
which have been standing in flower saucers of water 
(a bad practice) during summer, I would advise that 
the use of them be discontinued. 
Cattleya House. —This structure is now gay 
with some fine forms of the best of all winter-flowering 
Cattleyas, C. labiata. Side by side with it is Cattleya 
Warocqueana, which of course is only a geographical 
form of the old C. labiata. It certainly is not so rich 
in the colouring of the labellum as in the case with 
those brought to this country by other firms. The 
shape of the whole flower too is quite different. The 
petals are narrower whilst the lip lacks size. The 
plants bought under the name of C. 1 . gloriosa are 
precisely the same, and in this case there is certainly 
not much in a name. Of course they may improve 
under cultivation somewhat, but no amount of good 
cultivation will make a bad variety into a good one. 
As the plants have hardly become established they 
will be much better if relieved of their spikes as soon 
as the flowers are fully developed. 
Dendrobium Wardianum coming into bloom 
should be so placed as that the young growths do 
not get damaged, some of ours are already 6 in. 
high ; they will not, however, receive much water yet 
or they will rot off; they will get sufficient from the 
old bulbs to keep them going until the little rootlets 
appear from the base of the new growths. 
The Moisture of this house should be gradually 
reduced. Of course some houses dry up quicker 
than others, so that the cultivators must bring 
common sense to bear when damping down or giving 
air. Our houses dry up very quick, necessitating 
damping down twice a day even in winter, and 
pouring water on the floors at night to counteract the 
harsh heat caused by the strong firing in consequence 
of our having too little piping for the size of the 
house. Odontoglossum citrosmum has now com¬ 
pleted its growths and will be benefited by a good 
season of rest, or the plants will fail to flower 
satisfactorily.—C. 
Angraecum Ellisii. 
The most of the species of Angraecumare very easily 
accommodated, because they can be grown in small 
baskets, and suspended from the roof of the Orchid 
house, with exception perhaps of A. sesquipedale. 
That under notice is a native of Madagascar, from 
whence it was introduced in 1879. The flowers are 
of medium size, pure white, and deliciously tragrant, 
like several others of the smaller flowered species. 
What the individual flowers lack in size they make 
up in numbers, as they are produced on an arching 
raceme 12 in. long. The spur of the lip in this 
species is very moderate in length compared with 
that of many of its congeners. The stems of a good 
sized plant are about 6 in. high, and bear ligulate, 
unequally bifid leaves. A great many of the species 
flower during winter and spring in this country, and 
are very welcome when Orchids are by no means 
over plentiful. That under notice is flowering with 
Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth, & Co., Park 
Road, Clapham. 
Sarcochilus borneensis. 
A very curious species of Sarcochilus was recently 
introduced from Borneo by Messrs. Linden, of 
L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, and flowered 
for the first time in Europe in their collection in 
1890. In general appearance the flowers resemble 
those of an Angraecum, while the elongated leafy 
stems remind us of a Sarcanthus or Aerides. The 
oblong, emarginate leaves are spotted with brown on 
both surfaces. Several peduncles arise from the 
axils of the leaves bearing short spikes of yellow 
flowers. The sepals and petals are linear, and 
spread out spider-like. The three-lobed lip has the 
pouch or sac marked with numerous red spots. 
The flowers are produced in succession from the 
axils of bracts, and are very interesting if not very 
showy. There is a coloured plate of it in L'Illustration 
Horticole, pi. 161. 
Phalasnopsis Schilleriana vestalis. 
As the name would imply the flowers of this beauti¬ 
ful variety are white. There are very few specimens 
of it in cultivation, and in fact it is a very rare plant. 
Even the roots and leaves give indication that it is 
different from the type. The tips of the young roots 
are green, whereas those of P. Schilleriana are red. 
The leaves are oblong or oval, very broad and of a 
deep green above, slightly marbled or banded with 
grey, while the under surface is green. The under 
surface of the leaves of the type is purple, and the 
upper surface is generally much more heavily 
banded. The flowers are white with yellow spots 
at the base of the lip instead of red ones. The 
variety is therefore a true albino from which the 
purple colour, both of the leaves and flowers, has 
been washed out. There is a healthy and growing 
piece of it in the nursery of Messrs. Hugh Low & 
Co., Clapton. Although a very a small piece when 
first detected in an importation, it has now made 
sufficient growth to throw up a flower scape, and 
flowers will appear in due time. 
Catasetum longifolium. 
Usually we see Catasetums grown in pots or 
baskets, but there is an illustration ofa flowering speci¬ 
men of C. longifolium in the Orchid Album, pi. 456, 
represented as growing upon a block of wood 
suspended in such a way that the pseudo-bulbs, 
leaves, and flowers hang downwards. The pseudo¬ 
bulbs are fusiform, and bear about three linear, 
channelled leaves even while in flower. As a rule 
the leaves drop by that time. The form of the 
flowers relagate the genus to the section Mono- 
canthus. The)- are borne in a drooping raceme of 
a dozen or mire, and are moderate in size. The 
sepals are all directed behind the broader petals, 
and both sets are greenish-yellow tipped with 
crimson. The curious lip takes the form of a pouch 
or helmet with its mouth upwards, and the small 
side and terminal lobes are fringed and edged with 
a deep lake colour. The pouch, both externally and 
internally, is of a [rich yellow or orange colour, the 
outer surface showing an inclination to become 
spotted. The species is a native of Demerara, where 
it grows upon the stems of the Mauritia Palm 
(Mauritia flexuosa). 
Stanhopea Lowii. 
New Stanhopeas are not of very frequent occurrence, 
and seldom exhibit the distinctness of thit which we 
noted in flower last week in the nursery of Messrs. 
Hugh Low & Co., Clapton. It was introduced from 
the United States of Colombia, but unfortunately at 
present it appears rare, as only two pieces have been 
obtained, and one of them is not likely to get 
established. The other one is now flowering for the 
first time, and the flowers had been in perfect con¬ 
dition for three days before we saw them. This is 
unusual for a Stanhopea, as the flowers as a rule are 
short lived. The season may have something to do 
with it. The broad sepals are straw coloured. The 
petals are of course much narrower and similarly 
coloured, but in addition are marked with small 
purple dots in the centre. The lip is_ the most 
distinct and well marked organ, and is of a waxy, 
shining white, and very fleshy. The lower portion 
or hypochile is globose, greatly inflated, with an 
incurved yellow tooth on each lateral margin, and 
striped with purple and brown internally. On each 
side of the middle portion or messochile are two 
lobes parallel with it and obliquely rounded away, 
instead of forming the two falcate horns so charac¬ 
teristic of most other species in cultivation. The 
epichile is ovate, obtuse, convex, and like the other 
parts of a waxy white. The flowers also emit the 
agreeable odour of Hyacinths, so that altogether it 
is a very desirable species. The column has a 
broad membranous, transparent margin. 
Dendrobium aqueum. 
In gardens the species is better known under the 
name of D. album, so named from the flowers, which 
are white. The flowers of different individuals vary 
somewhat in purity, and there is a very good one at 
Falkland Park, South Norwood Hill, in the collec¬ 
tion of J. McMeekin, Esq. The flowers are borne 
in pairs from the axils of the leaves, which lend an 
additional interest to the plant. The stems, it may 
be stated, are about 18 in. long. The sepals and 
petals are ovate, and the lip three-lobed, with the 
lateral lobes folded round the column. The lateral 
lobes, as well as the terminal one, are finely toothed 
or fringed on the edges. The base is drawn out into 
a short spur, and there is a similar but smaller 
concave process in the middle, an unusual circum¬ 
stance in the genus. The interior of this little 
pouch is pale yellow—the only bit of colouring that 
mars the purity of the flowers. 
SOCIETIES. 
Tunbridge Wells Gardeners' Association —The Com¬ 
mittee of this flourishing society recently organised 
a special show and competition, at which members 
of the Sevenoaks, Tonbridge, Edenbridge, and Pem- 
bury Gardeners’ Societies were invited to compete 
for money prizes The meeting, which was held in 
the large room of the Friendly Societies’ Institute, 
was well attended, and the competition in most of 
the classes was very keen. In Class 1, for six dishes 
of Potatos, Mr. W. Johnstone, gardener to the 
Marquis Camden, Bayham Abbey, was an easy 
first; Mr. F. Galloway, Cross Keys, Sevenoaks (a 
cottager), being second ; and Mr. J. G. Wulff, Nevill 
Park, Tunbridge Wells, third. In Class 2, for three 
dishes, Mr. R. Bovington, Nevill Park Lodge, led, 
followed by Mr. T. Verrall, St. Andrews, South- 
borough, and Mr. G. Allen, Tunbridge Wells. In 
the class for one dish, Mr. H. J. Hall, of South- 
borough, came in first, Mr. W. Collyer second, and 
Mr. D. Cornwell third. 
