December 10, 1892. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
233 
Kitchen Apples were well'shown by Mr. W. John¬ 
stone and Mr. W. Berwick, who were respectively 
first and second for four dishes. Mr. J. Buckland, 
Sevenoaks, had the best two dishes of kitchen 
Apples; Mr. C. Booth, gardener to G. Drew, Esq., 
Culverden Castle, coming in second ; and Mr. T. 
Cavie, third. For four dishes of dessert Apples Mr. 
Berwick again led, Mr. W. Austin being second, and 
Mr. M. May third. For two dishes Mr. W. A. 
Searing, Sevenoaks, was first; second, Mr. Austin ; 
third, Mr. J. Buckland. In class eight for twelve 
cut blooms of Chrysanthemums (Japs ), Mr. W. A. 
Searing, Sevenoaks, was easily first, Mr. H. Ware 
coming in second, and Mr. A. Farmer, Sevenoaks, 
third. For twelve incurved, Mr. Searing was again 
well to the front; showing excellently finished 
blooms. He had also the best single bloom, a fine 
one of Empress of India. 
A First-class Certificate was awarded to Mr. 
Berwick for forfy-five dishes of Apples. Mr. A. 
Waine exhibited some well-grown Grapes, which 
were highly commended. Messrs. Bunyard & Frost, 
of Maidstone, sent collections of fruit, and Mr. H. 
Ware, a stand of Chrysanthemums The arrange¬ 
ments were well carried out by Mr. D. Cornwell, 
the genial secretary. 
--f-- 
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN. 
Gloxinias. —A batch of tubers may be placed in 
heat, and given sufficient water to enable them to 
swell up and commence growing. After the first 
watering the soil may be kept sufficiently moist by 
occasionally sprinkling the surface with the syringe. 
After the young shoots are above the soil, the corms 
may be turned out and repotted in fresh material, 
placing them in smaller pots so as to leave room for 
shifting them on. Seeds sown now will give nice 
young stuff to succeed the old plants in flowering. 
Begonias. —Seeds of the tuberous varieties may 
be sown now if it is desired to have them in bloom as 
early as possible. Growth is very slow in the early 
stages-, owing to the small size of the seeds from 
which the plants originate. As soon as the seedlings 
are well up showing the small cotyledons, place the 
pots or pans containing them in a well lighted 
position near the glass, so as to prevent the plants 
from getting drawn. The propagating pit or some 
similar place will be best for them till the temperature 
outside rises in spring, when they may be relegated 
to cooler quarters after being potted separately and 
again partly established. 
Ixoras. —Plants that are grown for cut flowers 
and which were cut back in the autumn may now 
be repotted. A compost of peat with a little leaf soil 
and plenty of sand will suit them admirably. Use it 
in a rough and lumpy condition, and give plenty of 
drainage, that is, let it be as perfect as possible, 
because a considerable amount of water is necessary 
during the growing season. 
Aralia gracillima and A. Veitchi.— As these 
attain size they gradually loose the light and elegant 
character of small plants, by the production of larger 
and coarser leaves. If cut down the old plants will 
occasionally throw side shoots and be fit for further 
use. If the cultivator is fortunate in possessing some 
small plants of Aralia reticulata, he can graft the 
tops of A. gracillima and A. Veitchi upon them. 
Rooting them as cuttings is very uncertain or 
impossible. 
Cyperus and Pandanus. —Plants of Cyperus 
alternifolius variegatus and Pandanus Veitchi when 
growing vigorously are very liable to produce green 
shoots. In selecting suckers of the latter for pro¬ 
pagation the strong and green ones should be avoided 
if possible; and in dividing the former so as to 
increase stock, the green portions may be thrown 
away if not desired, as they seldom regain their 
variegation when they have lost it. 
Peaches. —A little heat may be given the earliest 
house during the day time, turning it off again in 
the afternoon unless there is evidence of a frosty 
night. So long as the weather remains as it has 
been for some time past no artificial heat will be 
required during the night. Late houses, in which 
the wood is well ripened and the leaves have fallen, 
should be kept as cool as possible; but if the leaves 
are still green a little assistance with artificial heat 
may be given. 
Figs in pots —If the house containing pot plants 
for early forcing was closed about the middle of last 
month the fermenting material will have shrunk con¬ 
siderably, and the heat declined. It may be trodden 
down and a fresh layer of good depth added to keep 
up the declining temperature. A minimum night 
temperature of 50° to 55 0 in the body of the house 
will be quite sufficient for the present, provided it is 
raised to 65° during the day by means of hotwater 
pipes if necessary. This will be sufficiently high to 
allow of the necessary syringing and damping. 
Brown Turkey, White Marseilles, and Negro Largo, 
are the best kinds for early forcing. 
Cucumbers. —A relatively small amount of fire 
heat will be necessary to keep up the desired tem¬ 
perature in mild weather, and this being so it will be 
desirable to limit the amount of moisture in the 
house, otherwise the plants may get mildew. Flour 
of sulphur will check mildew ; and should the plants 
be troubled with aphis, the foliage should be dusted 
with tobacco powder while wet. Maintain a bottom 
heat of 75 0 to gy 0 and give plentiful supplies of 
water and liguid manure of the same temperature as 
the house. 
Planting Fruit Trees. —Every advantage should 
be taken of the present condition of the weather to 
get all planting carried on with as much expedition 
as possible consistent with the thoroughness of the 
work accomplished. The soil is in that workable 
condition which enables it to be properly worked 
in about the roots and trodden The work 
of planting should therefore have precedence over 
every other. October and November are the best 
months for planting, but owing to the amount re¬ 
quired to be done, and the unfavourable and wet 
nature of those months, it was impossible to accom¬ 
plish the work. 
Roses. —Even in this case much planting will 
have to be done in December. As soon as the plants 
arrive from the nursery, they should be heeled in so 
as to prevent the roots from getting dried up, that is, 
assuming that they cannot be planted in their per¬ 
manent positions at once. When the final planting 
has been made, the ground over the roots should be 
mulched with short stable manure, leaving it as tidy 
as possible. 
--*>- 
Quesnons add AnsiueRs. 
Yellow Ground Carnation. — J. Dalton : It is 
too late in the season to judge of the merits of your 
seedling; you should have sent in the summer. In 
its present condition it has not much to recommend 
it. 
Judging Chrysanthemums. — William Earley, 
Liverpool : Your letter is not quite clear, but if we 
understand you correctly, that in a class for thirty- 
six blooms, twelve each of incurved, Japanese, and 
reflexed varieties, at the late Liverpool show, Charles 
Delmas was shown by an exhibitor as a reflexed 
variety, the exhibitor should certainly have been 
disqualified, because that variety is, and always has 
been, classed as a Jap. 
Names of P'ruits. — J. F., Wimbledon ; The largest 
fruit is Wadhurst Pippin, and the smaller one 
Burchard’s Seedling. — W. B. : 1, Northern Green¬ 
ing; 2, Not recognised. 
Peach Shoots Injured. — J. C. : You do not give 
the particulars which we should most have desired. 
We believe your trees have been tied to galvanised 
wires, which often result in great harm to the young 
shoots similar to those you send us, and which is 
termed scorching or burning by gardeners. If this 
is the case with your trees we should advise you to 
untie the trees, and paint the wires with some paint 
ordinarily used either for wood or iron. This will 
prevent the burning of the young shoots another 
year. You cannot expect much good from those 
that are already badly injured, but the trees should 
greatly recruit themselves when they make fresh 
growth. You may force the trees if desirable, but 
you may expect some of the more injured shoots to 
fail. 
Potting Cypripedium Insignis. — Young Irishman : 
This may be potted at various times of the year, 
except when in bloom, but the best time is undoubt- 
ably when it commences to make fresh growth. 
This you can determine by the buds commencing to 
swell up and expand or by the development of young 
roots. The potting should be accomplished at the 
earliest stages of growth possible, or even a little 
before it commences, for then you can avoid injur¬ 
ing the roots. Some of the Cypripediums, such as 
C. caudatum, are occasionally potted in sphagnum 
alone ; but the most common compost consists of 
fibrous peat and sphagnum in about equal propor¬ 
tions. The pots should be half or two-thirds filled 
with clean crocks, according to the size of the plant 
and the bulk of the roots. Press all down very 
firmly. Some cultivators add a little fibrous loam 
to the compost used for C. insigne and other vigo 
rous grown kinds, as well as a small quantity of 
half-inch bones amongst the crocks When properly 
managed they do well in such a compost. 
Apple Dumelow’s Seedling — R. W. : The 
original name of this Apple was Dumelow's Crab. 
It was raised by a farmer of the name of Dumeller, 
pronounced Dumelow, who lived not far from Ashby- 
de-Ia-Zouch. The name Wellington, by which it is 
now generally known in the London markets, origi¬ 
nated in the same neighbourhood, and the variety 
was put into commerce under that name by Mr. 
Williams, of the Turnham Green Nursery, London. 
Names of Plants.— A. White: 1, Thuya orien- 
talis; 2, Ceanothus Gloire de Versailles; 3, Pip- 
tanthus nepalensis; 4, Spiraea sorbifolia; 5, Vitis 
tricuspidata, generally known as Ampelopsis 
Veitchi; 6, Magnolia sp , not recognised from a 
bud ; please send leaf and flower in spring. 
Communications Received. —E. F. M. B.— 
J. W.—R. D.—W. M.—H. C.—W. C.—L. E.— 
L. L.—W. R.—D. L. 
--**- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
December 7th, 1892. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 
39, Seed Market, Mark Lane, report a moderate 
enquiry for White Clover and Trefoil. Red Clover 
steady. The supplies of New English Cowgrass 
show medium quality and do not find buyers at 
present. Ryegrasses unchanged. Mustard scare 
and dearer. 
COVENT 
GARDEN 
December yth. 
MARKET. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d s. d. 
Grapes.. per lb. o 6 20 Pine apples 
Kent Cobs ...100lb. 120 o 150 o —St. Michael’s, each 2 6 
Peaches ... per dozen Apples...per \ sieve 1 0 
Melons.each | Plums...per \ sieve 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s. d. s.d. 
6 0 
3 6 
s. d. s. d. 
6 0 
ArtichokesGlobe doz. 
Beans, French, perlb. 
Beet.per dozen 
Cabbages ... per doz. 
Carrots ... per bunch 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 
Celery.per bundle 
Cucumbers .each 
Endive. French, doz. 
Herbs .per bunch 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 4 
5 0 
3 o 
0 6 
Lettuces ...per dozen 1 6 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 3 
Onions.per bunch 0 4 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale .per bkt 3 6 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Spinach ... per strike 1 6 
Tomatos. per lb. o 9 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
s . d. 
2 o 
2 o 
0 6 
Pota ros.—Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
5. d. s. t 
Begonias ...per doz, 6 0 12 
Cyperus .per doz. 4012 
Dracasna term., doz. 24 o 36 
Dracaena viridis.doz. 9 0 18 
Erica Hyemalis, doz. 12 o 18 
,, Gracilis, doz... 9012 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 0 24 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 o 18 
Ferns, small, per 100 6010 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 0 60 
s. d. s. d . 
Chrysanthemum, doz. 40 90 
— large, doz.12 o 30 0 
Marguerites, perdoz. 6 0 12 o 
Mignonette, per doz. 6 o 12 0 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 10 o 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 0 63 0 
Primula- Sinensis 
per doz. 40 60 
—scarlets.perdoz. 60 90 
Solanums.perdoz. 9 0 12 o 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s d , 
Arum Lilies, i2blms. 40 60 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations. 12 blooms 10 30 
Chrysanthemum,dz bn4 090 
— .doz. blooms 10 60 
Eucharis ...per doz. 40 60 
Gardenias 12 blooms 30 50 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 06 09 
Hyacinths Roman 
doz. sprays 06 10 
Lilac, White, French, 
per bunch... 5060 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 60 90 
Liliums var., dz.blms. 20 40 
LilyoftheValleydz.sps.3 090 
MaidennairFern,i2bs.4 060 
Margueiites, 12 bun. 10 3 c 
Mimosa (French)p.bh. 1 o 1 6 | 
s. d. 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 3 0 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 0 9 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 6 0 
Primula, double, bun. o 6 
Pyrethrum,doz bnchs 2 o 
Oi chid Bloom in var. 
per bloom, from 0 3 
Roses, yellow, dozen 2 o 
— French, per bnch 1 6 
— French, 100 blms 
— Red.doz. blms. 
— Saffrano...per doz. 
— Tea.per dozen 
Stephanotis, dz. sps. 
Tuberoses, per doz 
Violets,Parma, French 
per bunch ..30 
—Czar, French, bun. 2 o 
Small ,, doz. bun. 1 6 
r. d 
6 0 
Holly and Mistletoe, very good. 
6 o 
1 o 
1 o 
1 0 
9.0 12 
3 o 
o 5 
o 2 
2 
o o nsr t is nsrir s. 
PAGE 
Abelia floribunda.231 
Alocasia Edwardi .231 
Angraecum Ellisii.232 
Anthurium londinense .232 
Araucaria Cooksoni .232 
Bush Hiil Park Nursery ...229 
CalantheS at Bicton .228 
Carnation Madame E. 
Bergman.232 
Catasatum longitolium.232 
Chrysanthemums in 
America .225 
Chrysanthemums as Food 228 
Chrysanthemum soup .228 
CohusBlumei .231 
Cyclamen and Bouvardia ...226 
Dieffenbachia eburnea .229 
I) wnie, the late Mr. J.225 
Floriculture .228 
Flowers of Scilly, the .230 
Fruit Culture in Allotments 226 
page 
Gardeners’ Orphan Fund...225 
Gardeners’ Calendar.232 
Gladioli trade, the Ameri¬ 
can .226 
Kew Gardens .224 
Mushrooms in Winter .225 
Nepenthes Rajah.231 
Orchid Growers' Calendar 232 
Orchid Notes.232 
Orchid pot, anew .230 
Pansy, the .224 
Peach mildew .227 
Peach Yellows.227 
Plants, influence of elec¬ 
tricity on.227 
Prim-ila, double Chinese ...228 
R.H.S. Committees.223 
Sarcochilus bo.'eensis .232 
Societies.232 
Vegetable Garden, the .... 226 
Violas for winter blooming228 
SPECIAL CULTURE 
SES. 
A Large and Select Stock is now offered for Sale. 
The Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits post free. 
The Descriptive Catalogue of Roses post free. 
THOMAS RIVERS & SON, 
The Nurseries, SAWBRIDGEWORTH, Herts. 
