458 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
March 18, 1893. 
Ijardejiefli’ IjnproVejHBjit ^ociatioji;. 
Exeter and District, March 8th .—At this meeting, at 
which the President, W. Lethbridge, Esq., Court- 
lands, took the chair, Dr. Dangar gave a lecture on 
“ Insects Injurious to Fruit Crops.” The lecturer, 
at the outset, dwelt on the very real necessity for 
knowledge, even though it be only of an elementary 
sort, on the subject of insect pests, and said that he 
felt sure that much as this remark applied to gar¬ 
deners and agriculturists generally, it also applied to 
those of our children in rural Elementary Schools, 
who could search out for themselves the life history 
of many a beetle and fly, and find in so doing scope 
for amusement as well as instruction, and he thought 
that it ought not to be difficult to find lads who 
would make drawings of what they discovered, which 
could be hung on the school walls, and bear 
additional source of information to the youthful mind 
beyond the standard subject; in fact it would be 
easy to make this a case for a special scheme of work, 
on which the Education Department would be sure 
to allow a money grant to the school. Dr. Dangar 
then proceeded to comment on a series of very 
beautiful lantern slides, which had been specially 
photographed for this lecture by Dr. and Mr. 
Cheese, the latter of whom operated with the lantern. 
The insects displayed were :—The Raspberry beetle 
(Byturus tomentosus), the green chafer (Cetonia 
aurata), the Strawberry weevil (Otiorynchus sulca- 
tus), the Raspberry weevil (Otiorynchus picipes), 
the Apple blossom weevil (Anthonomus pomorum), 
the Nut weevil (Balaninus nucum), the Pear saw fly 
(Selandria Cerasi), the Gooseberry and Currant saw- 
fly (Nematus grossulariae), the Currant clearwing 
(Egeria tipuliformis), the wood leopard moth (Zeu- 
zera aesculi), the lackey moth (Clisiocampa Neustria), 
the common Napourer moth (Orgyia antiqua), the 
Magpie moth (Abraxas grossulariata), the winter 
moth (Cheimatobia brumata), the codlin moth (Car- 
pocapsa pomonella), the small ermine moth (Hypo- 
nomeuta padella), the Strawberry moth (Peronea 
comparana), the Cherry aphis (Myzus cerasi), the 
Apple aphis (Aphis mali), the Plum aphis (Aphis 
pruni), the Currant aphis (Rhopalosiphum ribis), the 
American blight (Schizoneuralanigera). Particulars 
of the operations of these insects and a short account 
of their life history was given. At the close of the 
address a hearty vote of thanks was accorded to Dr. 
Dangar for his valuable and interesting paper. 
-> 5 --- 
WHAT TO DO IN THE GARDEN, 
Crotons. —The time has now arrived for making an 
examination of the stock of Crotons to see whether 
there is sufficient to supply the requirements during 
the summer of plants of a suitable size for table 
decorative purposes. Where they are getting too 
tall and leggy the top may be cut off and inserted in 
a 6o-size pot with the leaves close down to the soil 
without removing more than is necessary to get them 
into the soil. None of them should be shortened ; 
because when properly rooted and established the 
plant will be fit for use. Place a stick to each, and 
plunge the pots containing them in a close propaga¬ 
ting frame, keeping up a genial and moist atmos¬ 
phere till the plants are rooted. 
Calatheas and Marantas. —Where an increase 
of stock is required of this class of plants, they may 
now be divided and repotted. Shake away the soil 
from the rhizomes in order that a careful and econo¬ 
mical division of the same may be made. Each 
crown will make a good plant provided it is fairly 
furnished with roots. Use a compost of peat, fibrous 
loam and leaf soil in about equal proportions, with 
plenty of sand to keep the whole in an open and 
porous condition, as a good supply of water is 
necessary during the summer months. 
Tonrenias. — When the seedlings of T. Fournieri 
and T. Bailloni have got fairly into the rough leaf 
they will grow away rapidly if properly attended to 
in the matter of potting and repotting as required. 
T. Fournieri, being an erect habited plant,should be 
grown in pots, but T. Bailloni is best grown in pans 
or baskets, so that it can be hung up to show off the 
drooping or trailing stems and golden yellow 
blossoms'j In the early stages, however, the plants 
may be put singly into small pots. 
Deciduous Ferns. —Several of the Adiantums, 
Davallias, and others grown in hothouses die down 
in winter, but are mostly commenced to push up 
now'. It would be a mistake because they are now 
leafless to allow them to develop their young fronds 
in comparative shade, because they will come up 
weakly and comparatively unendurable even when 
fully developed. They should be placed therefore in 
a position where they will derive the greatest advan¬ 
tage from light. 
Heaths and Epacris.—As these go out of bloom 
they should be hard cut back preparatory to their 
being placed in heat and moisture to urge them into 
fresh growth. Keep them moderately dry at the 
root for a time, and syringe the stems with water at 
the temperature of the house to encourage a vigorous 
fresh growth to start. 
Peaches.—Disbudding should now be completed 
in the earliest house, started in November, as well as 
in the second early house, except, perhaps, in the 
case of trees of late varieties. Every advantage 
should now be taken of bright days to close the 
house early, so as to urge on growth by sun-heat, as 
it always gives the most satisfactory results. When 
this is done syringe the trees well and damp down 
every available surface in the house, so as to create 
a genial moisture, and no evil effects will then result 
from a high temperature. Never allow the trees to 
get unduly dry at the roots, otherwise evil results 
will follow, and which can never be remedied after¬ 
wards. Mulching the borders with farmyard manure 
will assist the trees in the early house through the 
period of stoning. 
Oranges.—Where the trees are now in blossom 
the house should be kept dry and airy. In case 
there should only be a few trees in this stage they 
may be removed to a house where those conditions 
already prevail until the fruit is set. A temperature 
of 55° at night will be necessary. Utilise sun-heat 
by closing those houses early where the trees have 
set their fruit, and maintain a night temperature of 
6 5 °. 
To mates.—Where these are being grown for, 
indoor fruiting, they will require frequent attention 
in the matter of stopping lateral growths. No 
liquid manure should be given until the plants have 
set a bunch or two of fruit, otherwise they will grow 
too rampantly without developing and setting the 
flower buds. Maintain a dry atmosphere when the 
plants are in bloom, and occasionally shake the 
stems during the early part of the day to distribute 
the pollen. 
-- 
Questions ado AnsuieRs. 
*,* Correspondents are requested, in order to avoid delay 
to address all communications to ‘•The Editor,” 
or “ The Publisher,” and not to any person by 
name, unless the correspondence is of a private 
character. Telegrams may be addressed “ Bambusa, 
London." 
Propagating Greenhouse Statices.— J. C.\ 
You cannot commence too soon to put in the cuttings. 
Early spring is the best time to do it, just before 
fresh growth commences, as the crowns take some 
little time to root. They will yet be in sufficiently good 
time to make useful plants of small size for flowering 
during summer. Make up a compost of loam, a 
little leaf soil, and plenty of sand to keep the whole 
porous and open. Good fibrous loam and a little 
sand will be sufficient after the plants are rooted; 
and liquid manure may be given when they are 
throwing up th.ir flower spikes. Take off the 
crowns of leaves with as firm a portion of the stem 
as you can ; no portion of old and hard stem, how¬ 
ever, is necessary nor advisable. Insert them singly 
and firmly in small pots, and afterwards cover them 
with a hand-light or bell-glass, after having watered 
down the soil by means of a rosed watering pot. A 
stake may be necessary to keep the leaves steady 
if they belong to the large leaved forms. 
Early Flowers and Cedars. — Flos : You must 
refer to a previous number of the Gardening 
World, where we named for you a number of 
flowers that were noted for their earliness, fragrance, 
and colour. All the Cedars we know are evergreen 
and fragrant, but more especially in spring. All of 
them bend more or less before a gale of wind, and 
the leading shoots in most cases droop naturally in 
the young state. The Cedar of Lebanon is, perhaps, 
the. stiffe^t, most erect as far as the principal or 
main axis is concerned, and, perhaps, lives longer than 
Cedrus Deodara or C atlantica. It does so in this 
country, and may possibly do so in its native country. 
It certainly supports itself by its own strength till 
old age causes it to decay'. Straight Withes are 
certainly better for basket making than crooked 
ones, and to that might be added pliability and 
toughness. 
Position for a Thermometer. — Omega : There 
is no definite rule by which horticulturists abide 
when selecting a position for a thermometer. Con¬ 
venience is one object. An open position, well ex¬ 
posed to all quarters, is generally selected, and a pole 
or some wooden erection made to support it at 
heights varying from 2 ft. to 4 ft. A good medium 
would be 3 ft , and in stating the temperature regis¬ 
tered you should state such and such a degree at 3 
ft from the ground, stating also the latitude, the 
altitude and the locality in which the records were 
made, if you wish to be exact. The temperature is 
always lowest at the ground level, and higher as you 
rise above it. 
Communications Received. —A.O.—J. A.—J.C. & 
Sons.-E. P.—J. H. N.—R. G.—J. S—J. L — 
Robur (No).—A. O.—T. W.—O. T.—S. H. S. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
J >hn Watkins, Withington, near Hertford.—Seed 
Potatos. 
W. P. Laird & Sinclair, 73, Nethergate, Dundee. 
—Price List of Agricultural Seeds. 
Reid & Bornemann, Sydenham, and London, 
E.S.—Chrysanthemums and other Florists’ Flow'ers. 
J. C. Vaugham, 88, State Street, Chicago.—Seed 
Catalogue, World’s Fair Edition. 
Wm, Clibran & Sons, Market Street, Manchester. 
- Agricultural Seeds. 
David W. Thomson, 24, Frederick Street, Edin¬ 
burgh.—Agricultural Seeds. 
Ed. Pynaert-van Geert, Ghent, Belgium.— 
General Plant Catalogue. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
March 14 th. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, of 152, Houndsditch, and 
39, Seed Market, Mark Lane, report short supplies 
of English Red Clover and Cowgrass, and a further 
advance in price of Italian Ryegrass and White 
Clover. Foreign Red Clover, Alsike, and Trefoil 
steady: 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
March 15 th, 1893. 
s- d s. d. s. d. s. d. 
Grapes.per lb. 20 36 Pine apples. 
Kent Cobs...100lb. —St. Michael's, each 26 60 
Peaches ... per dozen Apples...per J sieve 10 36 
Melons.each | Plums...per J sieve 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
2 o 
0 6 
3 0 
s. d. s. d. 
ArtichokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Beans, French, perlb. 16 30 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 16 26 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, Eng.dz. 30 5 O' 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 09 13 
Endive, French, doz. 26 30 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Potatos. —Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton ; Kent Kidn ys 
80s to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d 
Lettuces ...per dozen 16 20 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 3 
Onions.per bunch p 4 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Seakale .per bkt 2 o 
Smallsalading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach ... per strike 1 6 
Tomatos. perlb. r 6 
Turnips.per bun. 0 6 
* s. d. s. d. 
Azaleas... per doz 24 0 42 0 
Cyclamen per doz ... 9 0 18 0 
Cyperus .per doz. 4 0 12 0 
Cineraria ...per doz. 8 o 12 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 24 0 36 o 
Dracaena viridis.doz. 9 o 18 0 
Deutzia.per doz. 9 o 12 o 
Dielytra. per doz. 60 90 
Erica, various, doz. 12 o 18 o 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 o 24 o 
Ferns, invar..per doz. 4 0 18 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 6 o 10 o 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 o 60 0 
s. d. s d 
Genesta.per doz. g 0 15 o 
Hyacinths, doz. pots S 0 12 0 
Lily of theValley doz. 
pots 9 0 18 0 
Marguerites, perdoz. 60120 
Palms in variety,each 2 6 to 0 
Palms, Specimen ... 15 o 63 0 
Primula Sinensis 
per doz. 40 60 
Solanums.perdoz. 9 0 12 0 
T ulips—various— 
per doz. pots 8 0 12 a 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. si 
Anemones, doz. bnch 20 40 
Azalea, doz sprays.o 610 
Arum Lilies, I2blms. 20 40 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations, 12 blooms 20 40 
Chrysanthemum,dz bn3 090 
Camellias doz blooms 1 030 
Cyclamen doz bloomso 406 
Daffodils, var. dz. bch. 2 0 90 
Eucharis ...per doz. 30 60 
Euphorbia Jackminafo- 
lia, doz. sprays 10 40 
Gardenias 12 blooms 30 60 
Heliotropes.12 sprays 06 09 
Hyacinths, doz. spikes3 0 60 
Hyacinths Roman 
doz. sprays 06 10 
Lilac, White, French, 
per bunch... 2640 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 40 60 
LilyoftheValleydz.sps.o 616 
MaidennairFern,i2bs. 6 090 
Margueiites, 12 bun. 40 6 6 
Mimosa (French)p.bh. 1 016 
s. d. s. d 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 20 40 
Narcisse, various, doz. 
bnchs . 20 40 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 09 10 
— scarlet.12 bchs. 60 9 c 
Primula, double, bun. 06 10 
Primroses doz. bchs 10 30 
Orchid Bloom in var. 
, per bloom, from 03 10 
Roses, yellow, dozen 30 60 
— French, per bnch 16 40 
— French, 100 bints 6 o 12 o 
— Red.doz. blms. 30 90 
— Saffrano...per doz. 20 30 
Snowdrops doz. bchs 10 20 
—• Tea.per dozen 10 30 
Tuberoses, per doz 10 16 
Tulips, red, per doz. 06 09 
— White, perdoz. ...10 20 
— Yellow, per doz.... 10 20 
Violets, Parma, French 
per bunch .. 20 26 
—Czar, French, bun. 16 20 
Small „ doz. bun. 1020 
OOHTEITTS. 
PAGE 
Albert Nurseries, the.454. 
America, notes from .451 
Anop-.eris glandulosa.455 
Auriculas.452 
Broccoli, winter .451 
Clivia nobilis.455 
Ccelogyne sparsa.456 
Corms mas .435 
Fuchsias, new .451 
Gardeners’ Associations ...458 
Gardeners’ Calendar.458 
Hepaticus .456 
Manures, on.452 
Nuts and Filberts.452 
Orchid Growers’ Calendar 456 
PAGE 
Orchid Notes.456 
Peaches and Nectarines ...453 
Peach buds dropping.453 
Science Gleanings.451 
Snowdrop, the Crimean ...455 
Societies.457 
Spring flowers .430 
Spring, the.449 
Starved Land, the .454 
“ Stott ” Specialties, the ...453 
Thunbergia Harrisii .456 
Town Trees .450 
Vegetable Garden, the .454 
Willows in Winter.455 
