1384 
MESSRS. J. B. LAWES, J. H. GILBERT, AND M. T. MASTERS, 
Before leaving this subject it may be mentioned that, both with the ammonia-salts 
alone, and with the ammonia-salts and superphosphate, all three of the above-enume¬ 
rated Avenas almost disappear. Under the same conditions, again, both the Poas are 
discouraged. It is only under the influence of the further supply of more or less 
potass, a condition greatly favouring stem-formation and maturation, that we get the 
one so-called Avena (elatior ), and the one Foci (pratensis ), brought into prominence; 
the former especially being characterised by its great tendency to form stem. 
The occurrence of Leguminosse in the samples from plot 10 is quite insignificant, 
even more so than on plot 9 with the more potass. In both cases, owing to the asso¬ 
ciated ammonia so forcing the Graminese, and it being itself not directly favourable to 
Leguminosse, such herbage was practically excluded, notwithstanding the greater or 
less potass supply. 
Whilst with the ammonia-salts alone there were seven, and with the ammonia-salts 
and superphosphate five, Miscellanese which contributed 1 per cent, to the produce 
in one or other of the separation-years, there were only three on each of the plots 9 
and 10 ; the one with salts of potass, soda, and magnesia, in addition every year, and 
the other with soda and magnesia every year, and potass for only a few of the earlier 
years. The three species coming into the separate list are the same, and occur in the 
same order of prominence, on both plots, viz.: Rumex Acetosa, Conopodium denudatum, 
and Achillea Millefolium. The Rumex has, upon the whole, been the more prominent, 
whilst the Conopodium and the Achillea have been the less so, with the smaller supply 
of potass. Each of the three species has, however, declined on both plots. 
Compared with the produce without manure, the table shows on plot 10 a greatly 
increased actual yield of gramineous herbage, and a proportionally great reduction of 
leguminous, and a reduced amount also of miscellaneous, herbage. 
Of the grasses, there was on the average of the four separations, indeed, with few 
exceptions in each separation-year, an increased actual yield of every species specially 
enumerated, excepting Lolium perenne. The average increase was the greatest of 
Poa pratensis, Avena elatior , Festuca ovina, Agrostis vulgaris, Alopecurus pratensis, 
and Dactylis glomerata ; and of these, those which are the most gaining in ascendancy 
are Festuca ovina, Alopecurus pratensis, Agrostis vulgaris, and Avena elatior; whilst 
Poa pratensis has done so in a less marked degree, and Dactylis glomerata has declined. 
Among the grasses yielding less increase over plot 3, Holcus lanatus, Avena pubescens, 
A. flavescens, Poa trivialis, Bromus mollis, and Festuca pratensis, have considerably 
declined in relative predominance ; whilst, though the quantity of it is small, Anthox - 
anthum odoratum shows a gradually augmenting increase. 
Practically, the whole of the leguminous produce without manure was in excess of 
that on plot 10. 
Of the Miscellanese, the three species specially enumerated as the most prominent, 
each gives, on the average, more than without manure, especially Rumex Acetosa, 
which is very greatly in excess, as it was also on plot 9. But of the large number 
