1408 
MESSRS. J. B. LAWES, J. H. GILBERT, ARD M. T. MASTERS, 
notwithstanding the reduced number of miscellaneous species, a higher percentage of 
total miscellaneous herbage, than after the discontinuance of the dung. 
In that, the first separation-year, by far the most prominent grasses were Poa trivicdis 
and Bromus mollis , both of which had declined to a comparatively insignificant amount 
by the fourth separation-year. Avena flavescens and Dactylis glomerata were the next 
in order of prominence in the first year, and, though each afterwards fluctuated in 
amount, each yielded less in the fourth than in the first separation-year. The other 
grasses that yielded appreciable but comparatively small quantities were Alopecurus 
pratensis, Agrostis vulgaris, Avena pubescens, Avena elatior, Holeus lanatus, Poa 
pratensis, and Lolium perenne. Of these, after the cessation of the application of 
the dung, that is, as the plot gradually approached the unmanured condition, Agrostis 
vulgaris. Holeus lanatus, and Avena pubescens increased very largely. Festuca ovina 
also gradually increased from a fraction of 1 per cent, in the first to more than 11 per 
cent, in the fourth separation year, Anthoxanihum odoratum from a small fraction of 
1 per cent, to more than 7 per cent., and Lolium perenne from less than 1^ per cent, 
to nearly 5 per cent. Alopecurus also, upon the whole, somewhat increased. But, 
besides Poa trivialis and Bromus mollis, which were so prominent at first but which 
decreased so strikingly, Avena elatior and Poa pratensis, at all times in small amount, 
also showed a tendency to diminish. 
Thus, whilst Poa' trivialis, Bromus mollis, Avena flavescens, and Dactylis glomerata, 
had been brought into greater or less prominence under the influence of the dung, 
the prevailing grasses of the locality under poor condition— Festuca ovina, Agrostis 
vulgaris, Holeus lanatus , and Anthoxanihum odoratum —were discouraged. But, on 
the cessation of the application of the dung, and the gradual assimilation to the 
unmanured condition, the certainly better grasses which had been previously 
encouraged were now discouraged, and the inferior ones which had previously been 
discouraged were now encouraged. 
The table shows a much less percentage, and also actual amount, of leguminous herbage 
in the first year than after the cessation of the dung. The percentage increased from 
under 2 in the first to more than 6J in the fourth separation-year; and the actual 
amount from under 100 lbs. per acre in the first to 236 lbs. in the fourth separation- 
year. The increase was almost exclusively of Lathyrus pratensis ; but there was a 
tendency to increase rather than to decrease in Trifolium pratense also. 
Of miscellaneous species, a much larger number than is usual on the manured plots 
comes into the list of those which have yielded more than 1 per cent, to the produce 
in one or other separation-year. There were in the first year only five, but taking 
together the three subsequent separation-years there have been nine in this category. 
In the first year, that is, under the immediate influence of the application of the dung, 
Rumex Acetosa was not only in very large amount, but it even contributed more than 
half the total miscellaneous herbage. Ranunculus repens and bulbosus, Conopodium 
denudatum, Achillea Millefolium, and, in a less degree, Plantago lanceolata, were also 
