OK THE MIXED HERBAGE OF PERMANENT MEADOW. 
1315 
1 per cent, in the first, to nearly 4 in the second, and to more than 9 in the third 
separation-year; contributing in that season not far from half of the total miscellaneous 
herbage. Lastly, whilst Ranunculus repens and R. bulbosus have diminished, the 
more deeply-rooting Ranunculus acris has increased. 
Thus, as is the case with the gramineous herbage so with the miscellaneous, it is 
very much more mixed under the influence of the nitrate than under that of the 
ammonia,-salts. 
Looking to the columns of produce, and of increase, per acre over the unmanured of 
each group, or of each species of plants, it is observed that there was a very great 
increase in the total gramineous herbage—nearly twice as great in the second year as 
in the first, but somewhat less in the third than in the second. In the first year 
there was even less of such increase than with the ammonia-salts (plot 5), but in 
the second year there was very much more, and in the third considerably more by 
the nitrate than by the ammonia. 
Of leguminous herbage there was actually much less each year with the nitrate 
alone than in the same years without manure, and on the average there was scarcely 
more of such produce than with the ammonia-salts. 
Of total miscellaneous herbage there was actually more in the second than in the 
first or third year, but owing to the very large amount without manure also, in the 
second year, there was much less increase by the nitrate in that year than in either 
the first or the third; indeed, very little. There was also a larger actual quantity of 
total miscellaneous herbage with the nitrate than with the ammonia-salts, the excess 
being, however (notwithstanding the large actual quantity), considerably less in the 
second year (1867). 
Referring to the actual yield, that is to the quantity per acre, of the individual species 
among the grasses, Festuca ovina contributes by far the largest amount—more than 
without manure, and in the third year very much more; less, however, in the first 
and second years than by ammonia-salts. Agrostis vulgaris, which contributed so 
much on the ammonia plot, yielded very much less with the nitrate. Next in order of 
actual amount to Festuca ovina comes Roa trivialis, nearly the whole of the produce 
of which was, each year, in excess of the amounts of it on either the unmanured 
plot 3, or the ammonia plot 5, on both of which it occurred in very insignificant 
quantity; whilst it is to be observed that the nearly allied Poa pratensis was scarcely 
represented on the nitrate plot at all. Holcus lanatus gave on the average a fair 
yield, but much more in the second than in the first or third year; considerably more 
in each year than on the unmanured plot, and in the second year much more, and in 
the third more, than on the ammonia plot 5. Alopecurus pratensis, Avena flavescens, 
and Lolium perenne also contributed notably to the produce, and each of them 
materially more than either without manure or with ammonia-salts. In a word, the 
gramineous herbage was considerably more in actual amount, and very much more 
mixed than under the influence of the ammonia-salts. It may, however, be noted that 
