360 
KAMAKICHI KISrinsTJÜYE: 
connective tissue, and tlie whole mass of the pyloric coeca is again enclosed and 
connected compactly by a common membrane, the peritoneum. In pyloric tubu¬ 
les we find a viscous, milky fluid ; and sometimes half digested particles of food 
as well, when the stomach is glutted. Mr. Yu Yokoya examined for me the 
nature of enzymes in the pyloric coeca of Neotlmnnus macropterus, and obtained 
the result that amylase and protease are present, but he could not detect the 
presence of lipase. This result confirms other authors’ results of investigations, 
and points out that the chief function of the pyloric coeca is digestive. In this 
inquiry glandular portion only was used, so that there was little fear of mixing 
of gastric juice. 
In the Cybiidae the number of pyloric tubules is few (2-6), and small 
one of them is often found on the anterior concave side. The coecal portion 
is sparingly branched. In the Plecostei the number of pyloric tubules is a little 
more numerous (5-10), and their short terminal branches carry tufts of simple 
coeca. Two or three small tubules are found on the concave side of the pylorus 
in the Katsuwonidae. In the Thunnidae the size of coeca is not uniform, those 
near the distal end of the longest pyloric tubule being larger than others. The 
tubule next to the pylorous is longest, and succeeding ones rather suddenly de¬ 
crease in length. These tubules are generally disposed at the posterior side in 
a line along the entire length. Their orifices to the duodenum are variable in 
size and form, being round, oblong, or sometimes slit-like. 
Intestine. The duodenum is transferred to the small intestine at the spot 
where the alimentary canal is bent backward, i. e. at the junction of the 
ascending and descending parts of the alimentary canal. The length of the 
small intestine is very variable. It is short and straight in Grammatorcynus 
and Katsuwonidae, and long and more or less folded in the Scombridae, Cybiidae 
(except Grammatorcynus) and Thunnidae. In Bastrelliger, some species of 
Oybium, and fishes of the Thunnidae the intestine is comparatively and nearly 
uniformly slender ; but in these cases the intestine is always much elongated. 
The intestinal tract is a little more slender tlian the duodenum. In the Katsu¬ 
wonidae the small intestine is very short, being nearly equal in length with 
that of the abdominal cavity. But the intestine is often thicker than the rec¬ 
tum, and many weak longitudinal folds are found in it. Sometimes the rectum 
is tliicker tlian the small intestine. In this family the intestine is nearly equal 
