COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SCOMBROID FISHES. 
437 
canned flesh is much esteemed as “ tuna ” in the United States of America. 
Germon feeds on pelagic plankton, crustaceans, and small fish. I found a 
young germon about 30 cm in length in the stomach of a large germon, 
caught on January 20tli, 1917 near the Ogasawara Islands, and other small 
ones from a yellow finned tunny and a spear-fish, caught on February 27th of 
the same year. Such small individuals are not caught nor found near the 
coast of the main island. 
I cannot tell at present whether the germon of the Atlantic and the 
Mediterranean is the same as the Pacific germon. Specimens of the germon 
and the common tunny of the Mediterranean were sent to me from the 
Zoological Station at Naples in 1914 on a German steamer ; but unfortunately 
the steamer was seized in the Bed Sea and these specimens did not reach 
me. Many author's seem to have confounded this species with other species of 
tunnies with long pectorals. 
Thunnus orientalis (Schlegel). 
Kuroshibi, gotohshibi, maguro, medi (immature). 
Figs. 3, 21, 43, 44, 50. 
Thynnus orientalis, Schlegel, Fauna Japon. Poiss. 94, 1802. 
Orcynus schlegelii, Steindaehner & Döderlein, Fisch. Japon. Ill, 11, Taf. 3, Fig. 1, 1885. 
Orcynus thynnus, Kitahara, Journ. Fish. Bur. VI, 1, PI. 1 Fig. 1, 1897. 
Thunnus schlegeli, Fujita, Otaki & Higurashi, Fish. Japan, I, 21, PI. 1905. 
Thunnus orientalis, Kishinouye, Sui. Gak. Ho, I, 17, PI. 1, Fig. 9, 1915. 
D. 13-15, 14, 8-9. A. 13-15, 7-8. Gill-rakers 12-13 + 24-26. Scales 230. 
Body plump, broad, and the caudal portion sharply tapering. Pectorals 
short, scarcely reaching the origin of the second dorsal, and tapering gradually 
towards the posterior end. The height of the second dorsal is longer than 
that of the first, nearly equal to that of the anal ; but shorter than that of the 
pectorals. The lateral line has a sharp and peculiar bend over the pectorals, 
being bent suddenly upward and anteriorly above the origin of the fins, 
and then bent gradually downwards and backward again. Sohlegel writes that 
the eyes of this species seem to be larger than those of the common European 
tunny. In one year old fish, the eyes are larger, being contained ca 6 times 
in the length of the head, but in a fish of ca 2 metres they are contained 
more than 8 times. 
