444 
KAMAKICHI KISHINOUYE : 
greyish and tinged with yellow, while the anal is white with the yellow tip. 
Anal finlets are greyish with yellowish margin. In young specimens under 
7.5 kg in weight, the sides are greyish with a few colourless lines and series 
of colourless dot3, running transversely. 
The flesh is pinkish in colour, rather soft, especially in young individuals. 
Thus this species is considered a little inferior to the common tunny. 
Very voracious fish, feeding on sauries, bonitos, luminous fishes, such as 
Maurdicus , and allied kinds, cuttle-fish, and Amphipoda, Sergestes, Acan- 
thephyra, etc. 
This species lives in a deep layer of water, ca. 20-120 m below the 
surface, 13-25° 0 in temperature, in offshore waters. Northern limit of 
distribution is ca. 36° N. Caught at the southern coast of our country and 
also at the Ogasawara Islands, Ryukyu Islands, and Taiwan. Not yet known 
from the Japan Sea. In 1920 I observed a similar or the same species at 
the market of San Pedro, but as I did not examine the anatomy in detail, I 
can not tell exactly to which species it belongs. The broad body, the form of the 
liver, hepatic venules, etc. were nearly the same as the Japanese species. Japanese 
fishermen say that this species occurs in Hawaiian waters too. Prolably widely 
distributed in the deeper layer of the subtropical region of the Pacific Ocean. 
At night the fish seems to come near the surface, as do other species of 
tunnies, and on moon-light nights catches are generally good. 
The fish grows to a total length of ca 2 m with a weight of ca 86 kg. 
Fish of ca 70 cm is the smallest fish caught. I found skeletons of small 
examples, ca 30 cm in length in the stomach of a Neothunms macropterus, 
caught near the Ogasawara Islands in January 1919. 
Hirokata Yashiro (78) is probably the first author who has written 
about this species, distinguishing it from the other species by the larger eyes. 
Well known authors after him mention this species in then list of fishes. Thus 
this species seems to have been caught in our country from about the leg in¬ 
ning of the nineteenth century. 
Though this species has many distinctive characters, it is rather difficult 
to identify it, especially when there is no other species to compare with. 
Sometimes we receive reports that this species has been caught in pound-nets ; 
but we are inclined to doubt the accuracy of the reports, as it is, so far as we 
