458 
KAMAKICHI EXSHINOUYE : 
Euthynnus yailo , Kiskinouye, Sui. Gak. Ho, I, 22, PI. 1, Fig. 15, 1915. 
D. 15-16, 12-13, 8. A. 13, 7. Gill-rakers 8-10 -f 22-24. 
Vomerine teetli present. This character clearly separates this species from 
the allied species of the Atlantic, with which it has been hitherto confounded, 
as the presence of the vomerine teeth in this species had been overlooked. 
Vomerine teeth are arranged in one row on a longitudinal ridge. Palatine 
teeth are also on one row only. The upper jaw has 27-30 teeth, while the 
lower has 24-27. Gill-rakers iu this species are fewer in number than in the 
allied species of the Atlantic. The latter has 11-28. 
The cutaneous artery sends arterioles from the inner and lower side in 
one row, while the venules to the cutaneous vein are arranged in two rows, 
alternate on the iimer side. To the epaxial cutaneous blood vessels both the 
upper and lower segmentary branches are connected. 
Skull broad, its breadth is contained li in its length. The alisphenoid 
and prootic meet, and form a bridge over the groove of the prootic. Two pairs 
of the auxiliary intermuscular bones are found on the dorsal surface of the 
exoccipitals, one pair of which is situated just above the foramen of the spinal 
cord, and the other at the lower end of paired vertical ridges continued from 
the top of the epiotic. The supraoccipital crest is very broad, and its vertical 
side meets the fused median ridge of the exoccipitals. In the specimen figured 
in fig. 58 the caudal vertebrae are very long. 
Back bluish black with many dark oblique bands. Belly silvery with 
three or more greyish spots below the pectorals. Fins black or greyish, the 
ventrals are partly black and fringed with chalk-white. Iris silvery with 
beautiful reflection. A black spot under each eye. 
Found chiefly in the southern part of our empire. The northern limit of 
distribution seems to be near Cliiba-ken on the Pacific coast. Lately Mr. K. 
Nomura sent me a specimen of this species, caught near Tsuruga, Fukui-ken 
in October, 1921. This is the first specimen from the Japan Sea. Among 
specimens of scombroid fishes from the Dutch Indies, kindly sent by Mr. Gobee, 
I found three immature forms of this species, but the southern limit of dis¬ 
tribution is not yet determined. 
This species is rather rare, and is not found in schools. As it approaches 
the shore, a few examples are sometimes caught in drag seines and pound-nets. 
