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MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 49 
Compared with S. terricola Simon, from Corsica, which also lives under very large stones, and 
is found common at Porto-Vecchio after the heavy spring rains, but which has not yet occurred in 
caves, our out-of-door form is much stouter, with much shorter legs, and also differs in its well- 
developed eyes, dark brick-red tegument, and dark markings. It was discovered in Colorado in 
1874 by Mr. Ernest lugersoll, while attached to Hayden’s Geological Survey of the Territories. 
He tells me that it did not occur in any cave, the exact locality and mode of life being forgotten. 
It will most probably be found under stones. 
Compared with Phalangodes Jlavescens ( Erebomaster Jlavescens Cope, Amer. Naturalist, vi, 
420, 1872, from Wyandotte Cave, Indiana), which is allied to the European S. piochardi , which 
inhabits caves near Orduno, it differs in the basal segments being much more distinct, where the 
sutures in the tergum are obsolete in S. Jlavescens. The eye-tubercle is a little smaller proportion¬ 
ately, while the eyes themselves are much larger. The mandibles and maxillae are shorter, while 
the legs are very much shorter and stouter. The color is deep red, the cave species being pale 
yellow. These are all differences such as we should expect to find between a cave dweller and 
one which has lived out-of doors under stones, etc. In these two species we have forcibly brought 
before us the great structural differences brought about by striking changes iu the environment of 
the two species. 
Phalangodes flavescens (Cope). Plate XII; Plate XIY, fig. 1. 
Erebomaster flavescens Cope. Amer. Naturalist, vi, 420. Figs. 114,115. July, 1872. 
Phalangodes flavescens Simon. Arachnides de France, vii, 156. 1879. 
Male and female specimens. Body broad and stout, uniformly straw yellow, including the 
body and appendages. Cephalothorax broad and short, but little longer than broad, the sides 
widening a little toward the hinder edge, being wider on the hinder edge than elsewhere; it is 
somewhat constricted on the anterior third just behind the eyes; the surface is considerably 
rounded, the posterior edge is quite free and distinct from the abdomen ; the latter is unusually 
short and broad, with three segments visible from above and six, in all, beneath, the basal one 
being the longest. The eye-tubercle is large and high, usually forming a cone slightly higher than 
broad at the base. The two eyes are black, distinct, and situated on each side, near the base of 
the conical tubercle. The cornea is underlaid by a broader dark mass forming the retina. Cheli- 
cerrn with the first joint rather long and slightly contracted iu the middle; the second joint or 
hand is rather thick, not twice as long as thick; the outer finger is much larger than the inner, 
much curved and pointed, with a series of ten small couical teeth on the inner edge; the inner 
tooth is straight, with five large blunt teeth on the inner edge. Three short setse can be seen on 
the outer half and two ou the inuer side uear the Augers. Pedipalps less than twice as long as 
the body, but nearly twice as long as the cephalothorax; coxal joint very broad and short; first 
joint longer than broad, cylindrical, with a small setiferous external spine in the middle, and on the 
inside an anterior much larger spine bearing a bristle; second joint longest of all, with four sub¬ 
equal setiferous spines on the outside; ou the inner side two large spines, the first half as long as 
the joint is thick, and bearing a stout movable spine as long as the joint is thick; the second spine 
is somewhat smaller; these are succeeded by four very small spines situated on the proximal half 
of the joint, while the edge, especially in the middle, is finely toothed; ou the distal end is a group 
of three unequal spines, one large and long; third joint a little more than half as long as the 
second, with five or six unequal spines visible on each side, two of them being as long as the joint 
is thick; joint four is somewhat elongated, barrel-shaped, with four stout spines on the outer and 
three on the inner edge, the latter being long and slender, with long setse, the basal one as long 
as the joint, is thick in the middle; the fifth and last joint has four external stout curved spines, 
and three large and two minute straight inner spines; tour of the setse, though differing iu length, 
are as long as the joint is thick; the terminal spine is shorter and thicker than the others, with a 
movable seta, which is as long and fully twice as thick as the others. 
First pair of feet much smaller and shorter than the second pair, the last tarsal joint four- 
jointed ; second pair slenderer than the fourth pair; the third joint not so much swollen; the last 
tarsal joint divided into twelve joints; length of entire leg, 8 mm ; third pair a little longer than first 
S. Mis. 30, pt. 2-4 
■=“——-—— --- . .. — 
