60 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Spirostrephon lactarius ('opt', Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., Phil., xi, No. 82, 179. 18G9. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 
iii, 66, May, 1870. 
Spirostrephon lactarius Ryder, Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 526, Feh. 16, 1881. 
Lysiopetalum lactarium Packard, Amer. Nat., xvii, 555, May, 1883. 
Not Camhala lactaria Gray, Griff., Cuvier An. King. Ins., PL 135, fig. 2, 1832. 
Not Gambala lactaria Newport, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xiii, 266, April, 1844. 
Two males, two females. Body segments, exclusive of the head, 61, with 115 pairs of legs. Body and head h.orn 
color, usually mottled and banded with dark blackish horn color. The head usually with a broad, interantennal, 
black, conspicuous band inclosing and connecting the eyes. Eyes (compound) of 40 to 41 facets. Antennae dull, 
blackish brown; tip of the terminal joint pale, as also the other joints at their articulation. The body with a 
median dull yellowish dorsal stripe, and with a lateral row of concolorous diffuse spots, one on each longest lateral 
ridge (the spots vary much, sometimes covering four or five ridges and extending low down on the sides of the scute. 
Each scute has, except those near the head and at the end of the body, about twenty-five prominent ridges, the dorsal 
twelve larger than those on the sides; these ridges are high, with concave valleys between them ; the end of the 
ridges are acutely conical and project over the ends of the scutes. 
Length of the entire body, 33 mm ; thickness, 2 mm . 
The above description was drawn up from the Louisiana specimens, which were highly colored, banded, and 
spotted. In the Massachusetts specimen the color is uniformly light brown, without the yellowish dorsal line and 
the lateral spots. The antenn® are much darker, while the legs are paler than the body. The head is much paler 
than the body; it is dusky on the vertex between the eyes, but there is no definite interantennal band as in the 
Louisiana examples. 
The Iowa specimens resemble in coloration those from Louisiana, but the yellowish dorsal band and lateral 
spots are not quite so distinct, though the interantennal blackish band is distinct. 
Massachusetts and McGregor, Iowa. Mus. Agricultural Department, Washington, D. C. (Prof. C. V. Riley); 
Palatka, Florida, and Milliken’s Bend, Louisiana (E. Burgess); “Eastern United States” (Wood); found under 
bark in the mountain regions of Tennessee and North Carolina (Cope); Saint Louis (Theo. Pergande). 
Although this species is evidently the parent form of the cave-inhabiting Pseudotremia cavernarum, it has not yet 
been observed near the Indiana and Kentucky caves, though undoubtedly yet to be found in their vicinity, as it is a 
wide-spread species. It probably ranges through Central into South America. As Dr. Wood remarks: “Ihave seen 
a single specimen, a female, labeled as coming from New Grenada, which apparently belongs to this species.” This 
specimen I have seen in the museum of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, but did not compare it closely 
with our species; it is much larger than individuals from the United States. 
Pseudotremia Cope. 
Pseudotremia Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., xi, No. 82, 179, 1869. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., iii, 67, May, 1870. 
Spirostrephon Cope, Amer. Naturalist, vi, 414, July, 1872. 
Pseudotremia Harger, Amer. Journ. Sci. and Arts, iv, August, 1872. 
Pseudotremia Ryder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii., 524, Feb. 16, 1881. 
Body consisting of thirty segments; rather long and slender, with as many as fifty pairs of legs. Head with 
the muscular area (gena) behind the eye very full and swollen, globose, swelling out far beyond the side of the suc¬ 
ceeding scutum; front a little longer than wide. Eyes present, black ; the outline of the eye-patch narrow triangular, 
composed of about twelve to fifteen facets, arranged in four or five transverse oblique series. Antenn® longer and 
slenderer than in any of the other genera of the family ; joint 3 is twice as long but not as thick as joint 2, but equals 
fifth in length, the latter, however, being very slender and clavate; the terminal seventh joint is unusually long, 
pear-shaped, and elongated towards the tip. 
The body constricts in a neck-like fashion behind the head; segments (scuta) 5 to 20 especially have a lateral 
shoulder or raised portion characteristic of the genus Lysiopetalum ; this swollen portion has on each side about six 
longitudinal ridges, with deep valleys between; above, especially on the posterior half of the body, the dorsal portion 
of the laterally-swollen scuta is coarsely tuberculated instead of ridged, and the rounded tubercles are rather flat 
and unequal in size. There are no set® or lateral setiferous tubercles. The end of the body is as usual in the family, 
the last segment with three pairs of sm411 set® arranged one above the other. 
Above the middle of the side of the posterior scuta, especially the last 6, is a tubercle like those in Scoterpes 
and Zygonopus, but much smaller, from which a minute hair arises, and above, on the upper part of the shoulder, 
there are two rudimentary very small tubercles. 
The legs are long and slender, about one-third longer than the diameter of the body. In the male the eighth 
pair of legs are much less modified than in the succeeding genera ; it consists of five joints, while in Trichopetalum, 
Scoterpes, and Zygonopus it is very rudimentary, consisting of but two joints. The basal joint is large and con¬ 
stricted near the middle, with a large setiferous tubercle on the inside; the constriction may represent an obsolete 
articulation, and thus the basal joint really represents the two basal joints of the other legs. The smaller multiarticu- 
late extremity of the leg is composed of four well-marked joints, the basal as long as the three terminal ones without 
the claw, which is long and slender and nearly as well developed as in the other legs. 
The mule genital armature is well developed, nearly as much so as in the Julid®. There is a median very long 
curved forked chitinous rod, a pair of median boot-shaped pieces, and a pair of lateral double blades or pseudorhab- 
