132 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 
1127. Riley, C. V.—Continued. 
The Southern grass-worm, Laphygma frugiperda . 
It resembles in habits the veritable army-worm, 41. 
The true army-worm_,. 
Its past history, 41—Rev. Powers’s account of its invasion in the New 
England States in 1770, 42—Accounts of later invasions previous 
to 1861,43—Years of its appearance in Illinois, 43—The invasion 
of the year 1861, 44—Its appearance in Missouri in 1869, 44—Its 
sudden appearance and disappearance, 45—Reason for the ap¬ 
parently sudden appearance, 45—Army-worm years are wet with 
the preceding year dry, 46—Reason for the increase and decrease 
of the number of worms, 46—Its natural history, 47—Previous ac¬ 
counts of its natural history, 47—When the eggs are laid, 47— 
Where they are laid, 48—Misdirected instinct in insects and 
birds, 48—Exceptions to the normal habit of the worm, 48—Color 
of the worm, 49—The chrysalis and imago, 49—Parasites, 50; 
the red-tailed Tachina-fly, 50; its beneficial work, 50; it in¬ 
fests also other insects, 50 ; Walsh’s description of the fly, 51; it 
has been redescribed as Exorista osten saclcenii, 51; the yellow¬ 
tailed Tachina-fly, 51; description of the fly, 51; the glassy Me- 
sochorus, 52; the diminished Pezomachus, 52; the military 
Microgaster, 52; the purged Ophion, 53; the army-worm Ich¬ 
neumon-fly, 53—Habits of the army-worm and suggestions for 
its destruction, 53—Burning grass meadows in winter or early 
spring, 54—Plowing late in the fall, 54—The marching of the 
worms, 54—Plants they prefer, 54—They become beneficial by 
devouring the chess in the fields, 55—Ditching, 55—Description 
of the insect as larva and imago, 56. 
Insects infesting the sweet-potato. 
Tortoise-beetles. 
The clubbed tortoise-beetle affects the Irish potato, 56—Its gen¬ 
eral appearance, 57—Characteristics of tortoise-beetles, 57— 
Merdigerous habits of tortoise-beetles and others of the same 
family, 58—General appearance of the larvae, 58—Their dong 
parasol, 59—Larval molts, 59—Egg of tortoise-beetles, 60—The 
chrysalis, 60—Habits of and injury done by the beetles, 60—Rem¬ 
edies, 61. 
The two-striped sweet-potato beetle, Cassida bivitfata. . 
It seems to be confined to that plant, 61—The larva and the use of 
its fork, 61—Its pupa and imago, 61. 
The golden tortoise-beetle, Coptocycla aui’ichalcea . 
Food-plants and characteristics of the larva, 62—Brilliant color of 
•\ the beetle, 62. 
The pale-thighed tortoise-beetle, Coptocycla auriclialcea . 
It is hardly distinguished from the foregoing species, 62. 
The mottled tortoise-beetle, Coptocycla guttata . 
Characteristics of the beetle, 63; of the larva, 63. 
The black-legged tortoise-beetle, Cassida nigripes . 
Characteristics of the imago and larva, 63. 
The pickle-worm, Eudioptis nitidalis . 
Other insects infesting cucurbitaceous vines. 
The squash-borer, 64—it seems to be confined to the Eastern States, 
64—The striped cucumber-beetle, 64—Injury done by the beetle, 
64 ; by the larva, 65—The larva and pnpa, 65—Number of annual 
generations, 65—Remedies, 66—Extent of the injury caused by 
it, 66—The 12-spotted Diabrotica, 66, 
