152 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 
1301. Riley, C. V. Third annual report on the noxious, beneficial, and 
other insects of the State of Missouri, made to the State Board 
of Agriculture, pursuant to an appropriation for this purpose 
from the legislature of the State. <6th Ann. Rept. State 
Board of Agric. for 1870, April, 1871, pp. 176+7, 73 figs. Sep¬ 
arate: Jefferson City, Mo., April, 1871, pp. 176+7, 73 figs. 
CONTENTS. 
Preface. 3 
NOXIOUS INSECTS. 
Snout-beetles, Ehynchopliora . 5 
The whole vegetable kingdom and every part of each plant serve 
as food for insects, 5—Enumeration of insects affecting the dif¬ 
ferent parts of the apple-tree, 5—Other food-habits of insects, 7— 
Vast extent of the science of entomology, 8—Beauty and sim¬ 
plicity of classification in entomology, 8 — Each family distin¬ 
guished by its general appearance, 8—Unity of habits in each 
family, 9—Distinguishing characters of snout-beetles, 9—Their 
larvae, 10—They are among the most injurious beetles, 10—In¬ 
jurious snout-beetles in Europe, 11. 
The common plum Curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar . 11 
It is single-brooded, 11—Experiments to prove this fact, 12—It 
hibernates as beetle, 13—Form of the egg, 13—Feeding habits of 
the beetle, 13—Creaking noise produced by it, 14—Stridulation 
in other insects, 14—It is nocturnal rather than diurnal, 14— 
Habits of the beetle at night, 14—Remedies, 15—The Ransom 
chip-trap process, 15; explanation of the process, 15; it is not so 
successful as anticipated, 15 ; it is not a new discovery, 16; num¬ 
ber of Curculios caught by it, 16; its success dependent on the 
character of the soil, 17; directions for using the process, 17; 
more experiments needed, 17—Offering premiums for collecting 
specimens, 17—Absurdity of the application of Paris green for 
the Curculio, 18—Jarring by machinery, 18—The Hull Curculio- 
catcher defective in several respects, IS—The Ward Curculio- 
catcher, 20; how it could be improved, 20; rules for using the 
machine, 21—Curculio-catcher invented by Claxton & Stevens, 
22—Ilooten’s Curculio-catcher, 22; its advantages and mode of 
operation, 24—Two true parasites of the Plum Curculio, 24—The 
Sigalphus Curculio parasite, 24; Fitch’s account of it, 25; Walsh’s 
doubt about its being parasitic on the Curculio, 25; experiments 
and observations proving that it is a parasite of the Curculio, 
25; its development and frequent occurrence around St. Louis, 
25; it attacks also other soft-bodied larvae, 26 ; points in its nat¬ 
ural history, 26; its position in the system, 27; description of 
the imago, larva, pupa, cocoon, and of the var. rufus, 27—The Pori- 
zon Curculio parasite, 28; how it differs from the foregoing, 28; 
description of the imago, 28—Importance of the work of these 
parasites of the Curculio, 29—Artificial propagation and distribu¬ 
tion of parasites, 29. 
The apple Curculio, Anlhonomus quadrigihbus . 29 
How it differs from the plum Curculio, 30—Its natural history, 30— 
Food-plants, 30—The punctures it drills into the fruit, 31—The 
egg, 31—The larva and its habits, 31—The larva transforms 
within the fruit, 32—Amount of damage it does, 33—How its 
