BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 219 
1625. Riley, C. V.—Continued. 
Chapter II: 
Chronological history. 29 
The locust plague in the “ Old World,” 29—Extent of its injuries, 
30—Migratory species in Europe, Asia, and Africa, 30—The rav¬ 
ages of the locust in America, 31—Its earliest visitations, 31—In¬ 
juries on the Pacific coast, 32—Injuries east of the Rocky Mount¬ 
ains, 33—Invasions of 1818-’19, 33—Of 1845-’49, 34—Of 1855, 34— 
Of 1856, 35—Of 1857-’67, 35, 36—Of 1866, 36—Damage the follow¬ 
ing year, 37—The invasion of 1873, 38—That of 1874, 39—Why so 
disastrous, 41—General outlook in the spring of 1875, 42—Severity 
of the injuries from the young insects that year, 43—Destitution 
that prevailed, 44—Amount of loss sustained, 45—Destination of 
departing swarms of 1875, 47—The invasion of 1876,49—Eastern 
limit reached, 53—Omaha conference, 53. 
Chapter III: 
Native home and geographical range of the species east of the 
mountains. 55 
Source of the devastating swarms that reach into the Mississippi 
Valley, 55—Their origin in the extreme Northwest country lying 
east of the mountains, 56—Cause of their emigration, 57—Differ¬ 
ence between summer and fall swarms, 58—The species not at home 
in the Mississippi Valley, 62—Not permanent or able to perpetu¬ 
ate itself there, 62—Conditions which prevent such permanence, 
63—Not likely to do serious harm east of the ninety-fourth me¬ 
ridian, 65—Reasons why, 65. 
Chapter IV: 
Natural history and transformations. 69 
How the eggs are laid, 69—Philosophy of the egg-mass, 71—The 
female capable of laying more than one egg-mass, 72—The escape 
of the young locust from the egg, 73—Its emergence from the 
ground, 78—Growth and transformations, 78—Acquisition of 
wings, 80—Number of molts, 82—Flight at night, 83. 
Chapter V: 
Habits and power for injury. 85 
Flight and ravages, 85—Migratory instinct and great destructive 
power confined to a single species west of the Mississippi, 88— 
Food-plants, 89—Injury to fruit trees, 93—Time of appearance of 
invadin swarms, 94—Rate at which they spread, 95—Direction 
of their flight, 96—Where the eggs are preferably laid, 96—Time 
of hatching, 97—Habits of the young or unfledged locusts, 98— 
Directions in which the young travel, 100—Rate at which they 
travel, 100—Limit of tlieir eastward spread, 100—Not led by kings 
or queens, 101—Direction taken by the departing swarms, 103— 
Their destination, 104. 
Chapter VI: 
Effects of the young insects in the country where they hatch, but 
where they are not indigenous. 107 
Experience with the young locusts in spring, 107—Contrast in 
summer and fall, 108—No evil without some compensating good, 
108—Changes that follow the locusts, 109—The prevalence of 
large green w r orms, 110—The sudden appearance of a peculiar 
grass, 110. 
