318 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 
2267. [Riley, C. V., et ah] —Continued. 
Chapter YI—Continued. 
tent of country injured, 133—Crops injured, 133—Amount of 
damage, 133—Previous season and crop, 134—Number of broods, 
134—An accompanying cut-worm, 135—Natural enemies, 135— 
Army-worm correspondence in spring of 1882,136—The invasion 
of 1880 in New Jersey, by Rev. Samuel Lockwood, 139—Perform¬ 
ances of the worms, 139—The direction of travel, 141—Origin, 
eggs, etc., 143—Breeding spots, 143—Recapitulation, habits, and 
remedies, 145—Notes from Prof. C. Y. Riley, the number of broods, 
hibernation, seasonal influences, 147—Bibliography, 148. 
Chapter VII: By C. V. Riley. 
Canker-worms, Paleacrita vernata, Anisopteryx pometaria. By C. V. 
Riley.. 157 
Classification, 157—Two distinct insects concerned, 158—Differences 
between them, 159—Nomenclature, 162—Past history, 165—The 
spring canker-worm, 170—Range of the species, 170—Characters, 
171—Habits and natural history, 172—Appearance of the worms, 
173—Food-plants, 174—Modesof distribution, 175—Enemies, 175— 
Destructiveness of canker-worms, 178—The fall canker-worm, 
179—Range of this species, 179—Its characters, 180—Habits and 
natural history, 181—Oviposition, 182—Season of appearance, 
182—Pupation, 183—Food-plants, 183—Remedies and preventive 
measures applicable to both species, 183—Sticky substances, 183— 
Hanging tin baud, 185—Troughs of oil, 186—Precautions and 
classification of contrivances, 189—Jarring and burning, 191— 
Washes and dustings, 191—Paris green, 192—Muriate of lime, 
192—Sulphur plugged in trees, 193—Fall plowing, 193—Birds and 
parasites, 195—Different measures against the species, 196. 
Chapter VIII: 
The Hessian fly— Cecidomyia destructor, its ravages, habits, and the 
means of preventing its increase. By A. S. Packard, jr. 198 
Introduction, 198—Losses occasioned by the Hessian fly, 199—De¬ 
scription of the fly, 207—Habits, 210—Mode of egg-laying, 211— 
Effects of the larva, 213—Weather aud seasonal influences, 215— 
Parasites, 216—Remedies, 220—Late sowing, 221—Early sowing, 
223—Advantage of high culture, 225—Pasturing with sheep, 225— 
Sowing hardy varieties, 227—Special remedies, 229—Application 
of lime, 229—Rolling the ground, 229—Close cutting, 229—Burn¬ 
ing stubble, 230—Periodicity of the fly, 230—Chronological table 
of fly years, 232—Distribution of the fly, 234—Its origin in Amer¬ 
ica, 234—History of its distribution in the Old World, 234—In 
America, 240—Summary of habits and remedies, 244—List of 
works and articles on the Hessian fly, 245. 
\ 
Part III.— Scientific Results. 
Chapter IX: 
Descriptions of larva; of injurious forest insects. By A. S. Packard, jr. 251 
Buprestidas, 251—The flat-headed apple-borer, Chrysobotliris femo- 
rata, 251— Chalcophora virginica, 252— Melanophila sp.,253—The 
flat-headefl spruce-borer ( Melanophila ?), 254—The flat-headed 
peach- and cherry-borer, Dicerca divaricata Say, 255—Buprestid 
under hemlock bark, 255— Cerambycidce, 256—Longicorn larva 
under hemlock bark, 256— Saperda on the willow, 256—The lesser 
pine-borer, Asemum nxestum Haldeman, 256—The oak-borer, 
Elaplndion po.rullelum Newman, 257—The common oak clytus, 
