340 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 
2343. Riley, C. V.—Continued. i 
Chapter X—Continued. 
132—Method of using poisoned liquids, 132—No results from using 
poisoned baits late in summer, 133—Poisoning the glands of the 
plant, 133—Cotton-leaf essence and its attraction to the moth, 
134—Hand-picking, 135—Mechanical means of killing the worms, 
136—Shaking off the worms, 136—Poisoning the worms, 136— 
Progress in the use of insecticides, 137—Classification of insecti¬ 
cides, 137—Importance of preparing materials in advance, 138— 
Arsenical compounds, 138—Safety in their use, 138—Difficulty in 
determining minimum quantities, 139—Overdoses of poisons, 139 
—General rules in dry applications, 140—Mixing devices, 141— 
Ingredients, 141—Wet application, 142—Principles to be followed 
and ingredients to be used, 142—Comparison of dry and wet ap¬ 
plications, 142—Paris green, 143—Historical data, 143—Liquid 
application, 143—Dry application, 144—Minimum quantities, 144 
—Patents on Paris-green combinations, 146—Arsenic, 147—Com¬ 
mercial arsenic, 147—Arseniate of soda, 147—Fowler’s solution, 
148—Johnson’s dead-shot, 148—Texas cotton-worm destroyer, 149 
—London purple, 149—Manufacture and analysis, 149—History 
of its use, 150—Experience in Alabama in 1880, 150—Advantages 
and disadvantages, 151—Dry application, 151—Wet application, 
152—Other mineral substances, 153—Salt and saltpeter, 153—Sul¬ 
phur, 154—Red lead, 154—Road dust, 154—Oils and allied sub¬ 
stances, 155—Kerosene, 155—Former methods of application, 155 
—Invention and perfection of emulsions, 156—Method of prepar¬ 
ing emulsions, 157—Formula for perfected emulsion, 158—Experi¬ 
ments with imperfect emulsion in 1880, 158—Experiments with 
perfected emulsions, 160—Oil of creosote, 162—Oil of tar, 162— 
Gas-tar water, 162—Carbolic acid, 163—Cotton-seed oil, 163— 
Vegetable insecticides, 164—Pyrethrum, 164—History, 164—Mode 
of cultivation, 165—Success in cultivating the plant in America, 
166—Preparation of the powder, 167—Its use as an insecticide, 
168—Advantages and disadvantages, 168—Active principle in 
Pyrethrum, 169—Its effects on cotton-worms, 169—Imported vs. 
Californian powder, 170—Dry application, 170—Minimum quan¬ 
tities of dry powder, 171—Dry powder mixed with flour and other 
ingredients, 172—Application in fumes, 174—Alcoholic extract, 
174—Experiments with extract obtained by distillation, 174— 
Experience with extract obtained by repercolation, 176—Use of 
the powder in simple water solution, 177—Tea or decoction of 
Pyrethrum, 178—Effect of Pyrethrum upon other insects, 179— 
Prospects for the use of Pyrethrum for the cotton-worm, 180— 
Ox-eye daisy powder and its uselessness as an insecticide, 180— 
Extracts and decoctions from various plants, 181—Difficulties in 
the way of discovering new vegetable insecticides, 182—Mode of 
preparing the extracts and diffusions, 183—List of the plants ex¬ 
perimented with, 184—Effect of alcohol upou the worms, 187— 
Yeast ferment and fungus infection, 188—Dr. Hagen’s recommen¬ 
dations of the use of yeast as an insecticide, 188—Objections to 
Dr. Hagen’s plan, 189—Negative results obtained by the Com¬ 
mission, 190. 
Chapter XI: 
Machinery and devices for the destruction of the worm. By W. S. 
Barnard, Ph. D....... 
191 
