KEY 
TO SUBFAMILIES 
( baaed on females ) 
1. Radial cell at least nine times as long as broad. Last segment of hind 
tarsus twice as long as segments 2 to 5 united (Figs. 1 and 2)• 
Abdomen in female elongated, laterally compressed. 
Large ( up to 20 mm. )• For habitus of male see Fig. 280. 
Parasites in horntails. . ...... I. IBALIINAE 
Radial cell not nine times as long as broad. First segment of hind 
tarsus not as long as segments 2 to 5 united. ••.•••«•• 2 
2. Largest segment of abdomen in female in side view is tergite VI 
preceded by four shorter ones, the petiole smooth. 
Kiefferiella ( Fig. 5 ) in .II. MESOCYNIPINAE 
Largest segment of abdomen in female tergite II or III, never 
more than one (often none) short segment in front of the 
large tergite.. 5 
% Scutellum with a raised "cup" on the disk (Fig. 4). • . • • VI. EUCOILINAE 
Scutellum without such a raised "cup". •• . • ••••••• 4 
4. Tergite II liguliform ( Fig. 5 )• Thorax dull, sculptured. 
Reared from puparia of ayrphids. ••••••••• III. ASPIOERINAE 
Tergite II not "tongue-shaped" . .. 5 
5. Tergite II not forming half the abdomen. . . 6 
Tergite II the longest and usually at least half the abdomen. • • • • 7 
6. Tergite II longer than III. Abdomen petioled ( Fig. 6 ). 
Reared from lace-wing flies*. Ohrysopa, Hemerobius, 
Sympherobius.IV. ANACHARITINAE 
Tergite II shorter than III ( Fig. 7 )• Abdomen sessile. 
Reared from the puparia Of diptera. .. V. FIGITINAE 
7* Body without sculpture. Under 2.0 mm. ( Fig. 8 ). Tergite II 
usually half the abdomen. 
Secondary parasites in the abdomen of aphids. • • • • • VII. CHARIPINAE 
Body usually sculptured ( unless mesoscutum and scutellum are fused 
without a suture as in Neuroterus). Usually larger than 2.0 mm. 
Fully-winged ( in a few genera of gall makers the wings are 
reduced or absent. 
Gall makers or inquilines i.e. plant inhabiting. ... VIII. GYNIPINAE 
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