PYRGOMORPHINiE. 
83 
Epacromia. —A genus of small grasshoppers, common throughout 
India. E. dorsalis , Thunb. (fig. 24) is the most abundant species, found 
as a surface grasshopper destruc¬ 
tive to young crops. It has the 
unusual habit of coming to light. 
There appear to be two broods 
yearly during the rains and 
hibernation takes place in the 
egg stage. 
Oedipodinm— This is a large 
sub-family including a large 
number of species difficult to 
distinguish. Oedaleus (G-astro- 
margus) marmoratus > Thunb. is 
universal in the plains, marked by 
its brilliant orange and black lower 
wing. Sphingonotus , TrilopMdia, 
Acrotylus , Heteropternis , Chloeo- 
bora and Dittopternis are also represented. Pachytylus (Locusta) cine- 
rascens, Fabr. (danicus, L.) is a large insect of a dull grey colour 
sometimes marked with brilliant green with a median keel on the prone- 
turn. It has a wide distribution over Southern Europe and Asia and 
though known to form swarms and migrate in Europe, has not been 
recorded as a locust in India, where it is a somewhat uncommon insect. 
It has been found in numbers in grasslands and there is some reason to 
believe that, becoming abundant in extensive tracts of grasslands in the 
less cultivated districts, it migrates in swarms over the country. Such 
swarms are apparently rare and they remain in uncultivated areas, but 
it will probably be definitely ascertained that the swarms of green locusts 
occasionally seen are of this species. 
PyrgomorphincB.—.Autarches miliaris , Fabr. (Phymateus punctatus, 
F.) is the brightly coloured grasshopper found in the lower hill slopes; 
it is black or dark green, with roughened tegmina and thorax, with 
yellow spots on the tegmina, the abdomen with red bands, the prothorax 
and head with a broad continuous yellow band. This insect when seized 
emits from pores in the thorax a liquid that froths up and diffuses an un- 
Fig. 24- Epacromia dorsalis. 
(I. M. N.) 
