DYNASTINiE. 
255 
extent even than other groups, these are hill forest insects, very few 
occurring in the plains proper. Anomala pallida, F., and A. varians, 
Qliv., are common in the plains, both brown species like cockchafers. 
Anomala viridis, F., is the common green Butelid found outside the hills, 
the remainder being mainly hill and forest species. Anomala dorsalis, 
Fabr., was reported from the Victoria Garden, Bombay, as destructive 
to Crinum latifolium (Indian Mus. Notes, Vol. V, p. 130). Pseudo- 
singhala transversa , Burm., is the small black species which comes up 
from the soil in myriads in May in the Khasi Hills and destroys flowers. 
Adoreta cardoni, Br., is recorded as destructive to rose bushes and 
cultivated plants in Calcutta (Indian Mus. Notes, Vol. IV, p. 136). 
i- : DYNASTINiE. 
These insects have the characters of the Rutelini, but are distinct in 
the labrum, which is not visible from above in this sub-division, and in 
the equal tarsal claws. They 
are usually large insects, the 
males with a horn on the head, 
and a tubercle or projection of 
some nature on the pro thorax. 
The colours are usually dull, 
black and brown predominat¬ 
ing ; the body is usually mas¬ 
sive and thick, and the giants 
of the insect world are here in¬ 
cluded. The males stridulate 
by moving the end of the ab¬ 
domen in and out, by which 
the apical edge of the elytra 
rubs against a file on the up¬ 
per surface of the abdomen. 
The larvae are found in old 
trees, in decomposing vege¬ 
table matter and in soil rich in humus among plant roots. The pupa 
is enclosed in a hard case and the metamorphosis is believed to be 
long. 
Fig. 145.— Oryctes rhinoceros male. 
