TENEBRI0NID2E. 
335 
Tenebrionidce include a large number of the species, the tarsi not 
lobed, the claws smooth, the body compact with close fitting elytra. 
Mordellidce have the head peculiarly formed and indexed, the hind 
coxae with sharp plates. 
Cantharidce have the head with a neck, the tarsal claws with appen¬ 
dages, and the elytra not fitting the abdomen closely. 
Trictenotomidce are large, with long antennae often serrate at the 
tip, long curved mandibles and resemble Cerambycidce. 
The remaining eleven families are of less importance and less 
easily recognisable. For papers on this group, see Fairmaire’s papers 
on the Kurseong and Andrewes’ collections. (Ann. Soc. Ent., Beige, 
1894, p. 17 ; 1896, p. 6). 
Tenebrionid^e. 
Antennce of eleven joints , under a projection of the side of the head . 
Tarsi heteromerous , simple . Abdomen of five segments. 
A large family of beetles generally of sombre colour, found most 
abundantly in deserts and dry places. They are of moderate size, 
many of some bulk and weight. The 
antennae are short and of varied form; 
the trophi are of the biting herbivorous 
type. The body is hard, often flatten¬ 
ed, often globular, the elytra fitting 
closely and in the apterous forms 
soldered together. Sexual differences 
occur in a few, as in the erect horns 
on the head, the dilation of the tarsi, 
or the presence of the tuft of hair on 
the abdomen of the males. 
Little is known of the life-history 
and but few species have been reared 
in India. The larvae are elongate, 
cylindrical, the segments with brown 
Fig. 214.— Opatrum depressum. j 
p. M . Ni ] thickened integument; the hind end 
bears often two dorsal hooks and a 
