564 
DIPTERA. 
ment, which assist in locomotion. The body is covered with 
numerous small processes or papillse, each usually bearing a bristle at 
the apex, these bristles being often curiously shaped and expanded at 
the tip. The pupae are quite distinct in appearance from those of the 
aquatic species (fig. 362), and are often found with the last larval skin 
still enveloping the hinder part of the body. 
About a thousand species of Chironomidce are known, but of these 
only four are recorded as Indian, viz.: Chironomus vicarius, Wlk., 
C. socius, Wlk., C. cubiculorum , Dob, and Macropeza gihbosa , Wied. ; 
this of course in no way represents the very large number of Indian 
species which really exist, for of these there must be hundreds. 
The following table of the chief sub-families is abridged from that 
given by Kieffer .— 
1. Media and cubitus united by a cross vein . Tanypince. 
Media and cubitus united only at the base. 2. 
2. Thorax humped over the head. Male antennae 
with last joint as long or longer than all the pre¬ 
ceding joints. Media single (except Coryoneura), 
legs and tarsi long and slender .. .. .. Chirono- 
mince. 
3. 
Thorax not humped over the head. The last 
antennal joint never longer than the two preced¬ 
ing. The last 5 joints usually of different 
shape from the others. Media generally forked, 
legs and tarsi comparatively stout (except 
Macropeza) . 
ClJLlCIDyE. 
Ceratopo- 
gonince. 
Mosquitos. Slender flies with the wings and body ‘scaly, long legs 
and proboscis , and well-developed palpi. Antennae long , feathery 
in the male. 
Mosquitos are of course familiar to everyone, and are easy to dis¬ 
tinguish by their scaly wings and long proboscis. No other flies except 
Psychodidce have scales on their wings, and the short proboscis of the 
Psychodids, as well as their general appearance, is quite distinctive. 
Chironomidce , which are much like mosquitos, have not got a long pro¬ 
boscis. 
