MtJSCID^. 
647 
All these flies except Stomoxys breed in dung, and details of some of 
the life-histories may be found in Bulletin No. 7 of the Agricultural 
Department. Further information will be found in a future publication. 
The genera are separated as follows ; the new ones alluded to above 
may be recognised by being found biting cattle and by the stout dark 
brown and polished proboscis. 
1st posterior cell open- 
fa) Proboscis long, much longer than the palpi, 
which are short and slender . . .. Stomoxys. 
(b) Palpi broad at the tip, much longer than in 
Stomoxys , but not as long as the proboscis . . Hcema'obia and 
one new related 
genus, Bdellol- 
arynx. 
(c) Palpi as long as the proboscis for which they 
form a sheath. The flies a good deal smaller 
than Stomoxys or Hcematobia .. .. Lyperosia. 
1st posterior cell much narrowed or closed, 
proboscis short and stout . . .. Pkilcematomyia. 
Reference to literature on the subject of the relation of muscid flies 
to disease cannot be given here, since the papers are so numerous and 
scattered. An excellent summary of the whole subject up to 1899 is 
given by Nuttall, Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports, Yol. VIII. 44 The 
role of insects, etc., in the spread of diseases ” L. 0. Howard’s 44 Study 
of the fauna of Human excrement ” Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 1900 gives 
much information as to possible food-infecting American species; while 
for the rest the writings of Austen, Bezzi, Bruce, Hewitt, Newstead, 
Nuttall, Shipley and others in various scientific, medical, and veterinary 
journals should be consulted. The Reports of the Sleeping-sickness 
Commission and Austen’s “Monographof the Tse-tse Flies ’’ give a large 
mass of information relating to the African Glossina, while Neumann’s 
44 Animal Parasites ” contains an excellent general account of the 
Dipterous and other pests of cattle and horses. 
