496 
LEPIDOPTERA. 
is smaller, coloured in metallic blue and yellow, also widely scattered 
but not common. 
Azygophleps scalaris, Fabr., and A. pusilla , Wlk., are found rarely. 
The former is found boring in Sesbania grandiflora ( agathi ) and S. cegyp- 
tiaca (Jainti) in Bengal and Madras. The moth lays a large mass of 
eggs, numbering from 500 to 2,000, between and on the leaflets, cemented 
firmly together. The caterpillars on hatching let themselves down by 
threads and are blown from plant to plant and so secure a wide distri¬ 
bution among the thickly growing plants. A single caterpillar tunnels 
from the growing points down the main stem, biting holes to the air at 
intervals. Larval life lasts from 7 to 12 weeks, the full grown caterpillar 
being white, nearly three inches long. Pupation takes place in the 
tunnel behind silken partitions, and the moth emerges from the pupa 
after it has pushed its way through these and through the thin 
epidermis of the bark which alone is left intact. 
Zeuzera includes the red Borer of the coffee plant, Z. coffece , Nietn.; 
the reddish caterpillar tunnels in the stems of the coffee bush and is 
often destructive ; it is also found in Sandal ( Santalum album) ; a consi¬ 
derable amount of attention has been paid to this insect and the interested 
reader may consult Bidie, the Ravages of the Borer (Madras, 1869). 
Lasiocampim;. 
Frenulum absent , hindwing with vein la. reaching the tornus, no pre- 
costal spur to vein 8, which is curved and approximated to or connected 
with 7, or anastomoses with it. Forewing with vein 5 nearer 4 than 
6 ; hindwing with vein 1 c. absent. Larva with downwardly directed 
tufts of hair , pupa in cocoon of silk and hair. 
The moths cannot be recognised on superficial characters in the field ; 
most are of moderate size, thick bodied, of light colour, cryptic in design. 
Their resemblance when in the resting attitude to a leaf is sometimes very 
marked and beautiful. The antennae are short and bipectinate, the palpi 
small and porrect. The legs are hairy with minute spurs, the females 
usually with an anal tuft of hair. Males and females differ in little but 
size, colour and the extent of pectination of the antennae. The life- 
history is known in some species ; the eggs are laid in irregular clusters 
and covered in hair ; the larvae are hairy without upright tufts but with 
