PYRALIDiE. 
509 
the presence and form of the maxillary palpi, the form of the labial p alpi. 
The species are largely distinguished by the male characters, which in¬ 
clude tufts of hair on the wings and anal segment, the form of the an¬ 
tennae, the form of the palpi. For such characters and for the classifica¬ 
tion of the Indian species, Hampson's Moths of India, Yol. IY, should be 
consulted, but the actual identification of species from such a volume is a 
matter of very careful study and, until some experience is gained, is 
not an easy matter. We may add that the family requires very careful 
study, and revision, and it may be hoped that when more material is avail¬ 
able, this will be done. Volume IV of the Fauna of India contains des¬ 
criptions of 1,130 species from India, Burmah and Ceylon and Hampson 
has since added over 300 species from India (Journ., Bombay Nat. Hist. 
Soc XII, XV, XVIII). The student of this group should see Waring 
and Swinhoe’s articles on the Khasi Species in A. N. H., Ser. VI, 
Vols. 16, 17, 18. 
Galleriinoe. —A small sub-family distinguished by the venation and 
filiform maxillary palpi. The known larvae live in concealment and 
produce much silk in the form of webbing and cocoons. Trachylepidia 
fructicassiella, Rag., is one of several moths which may be reared from 
the pods of Amaltas ( Cassia fistula). The female, which is larger than 
the male, has far larger palpi. The species is widespread in India, where 
its foodplant grows; there are probably two broods yearly at least, a 
distinct one being known in November to March, another in September, 
but this depends upon the fruiting of the foodplant. Achroia grisella, 
Fabr., is bred from bee-hives, the larva feeding on the wax. Lamoria, 
anella, Schiff., has been bred from larvae found among fallen leaves of 
indigo ; the larvae were black at first, becoming sordid white later; 
pupation took place in a cocoon of silk and leaves, the pupa remaining 
torpid through the cold weather and only emerging in March as a moth. 
Acara morosella, Wlk., is worth mention, though a hill species, on 
account of its size, the wings having an expanse of 2 to 3J inches. 
Galleria mellonella, Linn., feeds also in bee-hives ; the larva burrows 
in the wax and produces long tunnels of silk in which it lives ; it utilises 
this silk also for firmly fixing the combs and produces great quantities 
in a very short time ; the moth is larger than that of Achroia grisella, the 
inner area of the forewings in repose forming a flat triangle from which 
