ALEURODID.E. 
751 
There are only small changes at the second and third moults, but the 
insect in the puparium is a definite pupal form, inactive, with wings, 
legs and antennae being formed outside the body. From it the imago 
emerges, with fully formed rostrum and alimentary system, and leads 
an active life. 
A great deal is obscure about these insects, and we cannot here go 
into further detail. Very little is known of the hibernation, of the length 
of life, of the habits of the imago, etc. Peal observed that the nymphs 
were parasitised by minute Chalcids and they are fed upon by beetle 
larvae. Fungi also attack them (e.q., Aschersonia and Sphcerostilbe). 
Equally little is recorded as to the destruction caused by these 
forms. The Gane Mealy Wing ( Aleurodes barodensis , Mask.) is occasion¬ 
ally a serious pest in many parts of India ; the Castor Mealy Wing is 
occasionally destructive ; tobacco is attacked by a distinct species; 
the Mango Mealy Wing is sometimes important, as is a black species 
attacking orange. None are known as serious pests to permanent crops 
such as tea, coffee, etc., and none are likely to injure quick-growing 
crops. The family therefore has not a very great importance, about 
equal to that of Coccidce , but far less than that of Aphidce, if we consider 
Indian Agriculture. “ Black Blight, ” the fungus which covers the 
leaves of plants on which “ honey-dew ” has fallen, is a feature also of 
Aleurodid attack, and is confused with it. 
The student should consult the “ Contributions towards a Mono¬ 
graph of the Oriental Aleurodidae ” by H. D. Peal, in the “Journal 
of the Asiatic Society of Bengal,” LXXII, pp. 61-98 (1903). It was his 
intention to have described other species including those mentioned 
here as attacking castor, mango and orange, but his death occurred 
when the work was in progress. 
The following is a complete list of the recorded Indian species, as 
given in his Monograph. 
1. Aleurodes eugenice , Mask., occurs on Eugenia jambolana in 
Poona. (Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 52.) 
2. A. barodensis , Mask., on Cane. (Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 143.) 
3. A. eugenice var aurantii. on orange in North-West Himalayas. 
(Ind. Mus. Notes, IY, 144.) 
4. A. cotesii, Mask., on rose, Quetta. (Ind. Mus. Notes, IV, 145.) 
