COCClDiE. 
757 
Coccids are abundant in all parts of the globe with their maximum 
development in tropical and sub-tropical regions. They have been 
spread on living plants and many species have a wide distribution. 
In many cases it is possible to clearly separate the indigenous and the 
introduced species and the spread of species now confined to their 
natural habitat will continue unless precautions are universally taken 
to prevent it. Of the 107 known Indian species, twenty-four are widely 
scattered and, though possibly originating in India, are more likely 
to have been introduced. Nine are doubtful and the remainder (74) 
are almost certainly indigenous and the number of indigenous species 
that remains to be discovered is probably a large one. In India, these 
insects occur generally, the greater number of indigenous species living 
on the diverse vegetation of the hill forests. 
The literature of Indian species will be found in Indian Museum 
Notes (Vol. V), and in the Memoirsof the Agricultural Department (Vols. 
I and II). In Vol. II, No. 2, Green lists the known Indian species with a 
number of new species, and the life-histories and food-plants are summa¬ 
rised in a later Memoir, Vol. II, No. 7. The volumes on Coccidse of 
Ceylon by E. E. Green should be consulted, as many Indian species are 
there discussed and beautifully figured. The student of the literature of 
economic Coccidae outside India will find that the generic names are now 
extremely confused, owing to the substitution in Fernald’s Catalogue 
of Pseudococcus for Dactylopius, Coccus for Lecanium, Lepidosaphes for 
Mytilaspis and Dactylopius for Coccus. We retain the old names 
(as Green has) and our Lecanium is the modern Coccus and our Coccus is 
the modern Dactylopius . No useful purpose has been gained by trans¬ 
ferring generic names, but American and European Entomologists have 
in part or wholly adopted the changes, and the student must bear this 
very clearly in mind. 
Eight sub-families are represented in India, the Ortheziince , Idiococ - 
cince and Brachyscelince not being known to occur. The total recorded 
species is 107, Monophlebince 14, Asterolecaniince 4, Eriococcince 2, Dacty- 
lopiince 16, Tachardiince 4, Coccince 1, Lecaniince 30, Diaspince 35. 
The Monophlebince are marked by the compound eyes of the males 
and the absence of the setiferous ring in the females. Monophlebus is 
represented by seven doubtfully distinct species. Both sexes grow to a 
great size (for this family), the females as much as two-thirds of an inch. 
