138 
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 
1246. Hubbard, H. G. — Continued. 
CHAPTER n. Page. 
Diaspinse—Continued. 26 
Purple scale, 26—Red scale of Florida, 28—Red^cale of California, 
32—White scale, 35—Chaff scale, 37—the orange Chinonaspis, 40. 
CHAPTER III. 
** 
Diaspinse—Continued—Ravages of the armored scales. 42 
Bark-lice everywhere present in orange groves, 42—relative impor¬ 
tance of the several species as pests;—agencies which assist 
their distribution, 43—influence of the wind, 44—enfeebled con¬ 
dition of the plant favorable to their increase;—-usual course of 
the pest, 45—the popular belief that the scales are thrown off 
at the ends of the branches;—influence of climate, 46—effect of 
frost;—natural checks, 47. 
CHAPTER IV. 
Lecaninse—The naked or waxy scales. 48 
General characters and life-history of the subfamily;—the turtle- 
back scale;—broad scale, 48—growth;—habits, 49—broods;— 
honey-dew and ants;—parasites, 50—the black scale of Califor¬ 
nia, 53—the hemispherical scale, 55—the wax scale, 56—the 
barnacle scale, 59—extent of injuries and relative importance 
of the species, 61—smut, 62. 
CHAPTER V. 
Coccinse—The mealy-bugs. 63 
Characteristics of the subfamily;—food plants, 63—the destructive 
mealy-bug, 64—the cottony cushion scale, 66. 
CHAPTER VI. 
Insects preying upon bark-lice. 69 
Enumeration of external enemies;—work of mites, 69—internal para¬ 
sites;—ants as friends and enemies, 70—lady-birds, 71—parasites 
of the lady-birds, 74—the scale-eating Epitragus, 75—the scale- 
eating Dakruma, 76—the pale Dakruma;—the scale-eating 
Tineid, 77—the spider-legged soldier-bug, 78—hemipterous ene¬ 
mies of the mealy-bug, 79—lace-wings, 80—predatory mites, 81— 
Glover’s mite, 82—the hairy mite;—the spear-head mite;—the 
spotted mite, 83—mites preying on mealy-bug, 84—long-bodied 
mite;—the orbicular mite, 85. 
CHAPTER VII. 
Means of defense against scale-insects—Remedies. 86 
Introduction of scale-insects upon imported plants, 86—infection 
from nursery stock, 87—protection afforded by hedges and trees, 
88—plants available for hedges;—benefits of inside pruning and 
cleanliness, 89—scrubbing the trunks;—palmetto brushes, 90— 
ineffectual popular remedies;—fumes of sulphur fatal to the 
plant;—impossibility of introducing insecticides into the sap 
through the roots, 91—or by inoculation;—fighting scale with 
fertilizers;—effective remedies;—kerosene;—milk and kerosene 
emulsion, 92 —soap and kerosene emulsion;—unrefined kerosene 
injurious;—effect of kerosene upon the orange, 94—applications 
best made in spring;—whale-oil soap, 95—potash and soda lyes, 
