4 
IMPEBIAL COLLEGE OF 
Mr. Y. Mori, assistant in the laboratory, gave the following 
results, per mille of the fresh dung :— 
1. 
Farmers’ 
dung. 
2. 
Citizens’ 
niglit-soil. 
3. 
Middle class 
officials’ 
night-soil. 
4. 
Soldiers’ & 
students’ 
dung. 
Water. 
952.9 
953.1 
945.1 
944.1 
Organic matter. 
30.3 
31.8 
38.9 
40.7 
Ash . 
16.8 
15.1 
16.0 
15.2 
Nitrogen. 
5.51 
5.85 
5.70 
7.96 
Potash. 
2.95 
2.88 
2.40 
2.07 
Soda . 
5.10 
4.09 
4.48 
3.61 
Lime. 
0.12 
0.19 
0.19 
0.29 
Magnesia. 
0.34 
0.46 
0.60 
0.51 
Ferric oxide and alumina. 
0.26 
0.18 
0.61 
0.61 
Phosphoric acid. 
1.16 
1.33 
1.52 
2.97 
Sulphuric acid. 
0.71 
0.35 
0.48 
0.72 
Silica and sand. 
0.35 
1.04 
1.10 
0.37 
Chlorine. 
7.04 
5.50 
6.06 
5.08 
Sodium chloride. 
11.GO 
9.06 
9.99 
8.37 
Comparing the value of these 4 kinds of excreta and 
taking the content in nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash, 
as the measure for our valuation, we find that the dung of 
the farmers, who live almost entirely on vegetables even in 
the neighbourhood of the city, ranks lowest, and that of the 
soldiers and naval students, who enjoy a food resembling 
European diet, is the richest, while that of the citizens and 
middle class officials is only a little better than the farmers’ 
night-soil. There will he no appreciable error, if we take 
the average calculated from the first three classes as repre¬ 
senting the general composition of the excreta ejected from 
Japanese diet, because the food supplied to the students and 
soldiers is exceptional, and, with regard to its richness, far 
surpasses that which is eaten by the Japanese people at 
large. For the sake of comparison we add to these average 
