AGRICULTURE AND DENDROLOGY. 
7 
In 1000 parts of tlie fresh 
substance : 
Fœces 
of 
farmers. 
Urine 
of 
farmers. 
Urine 
of 
citizens. 
Foreign 
fæces. 
excreta 
urine. 
W ater . 
885.8 
969.7 
967.7 
772 
963 
Organic matter . 
95.8 
14.0 
18.6 
193 
24 
A ah .. - . 
18.4 
16.3 
13.7 
30 
13 
Nitrogen . 
10.37 
4.29 
5.70 
10.0 
6.0 
rotaah .. . . 
3.39 
2.84 
1.37 
2.5 
2.0 
Soda. 
3.23 
5.57 
5.23 
1.6 
4.6 
Lime. 
0.5 
0.03 
0.04 
6.2 
0.2 
Magnesia . 
1.70 
0.02 
trace. 
3.6 
0.2 
Ferric oxide and alumina 
1.28 
trace. 
0.01 
Phosphoric acid . 
3.GO 
0.55 
0.44 
10.9 
1.7 
Sulphuric acid. 
0.49 
0.77 
0.96 
0.8 
0.4 
Silica and sand . 
1.26 
0.12 
0 07 
1 9 
Chlorine . 
3.70 
7.88 
6.93 
0.4 
5.0 
Sodium chloride . 
6.10 
12.98 
11.42 
0.66 
8.24 
The composition of the dung collected from the closets 
of farmers cannot be strictly compared with that of the 
contents of the unmixed faeces of Europeans, as the pro¬ 
portion of urine ejected along with the former is pretty 
considerable, amounting to almost half the quantity of the 
closet dung. In accordance with what has been stated 
with regard to the whole of the excreta from Japanese 
diet, the above analyses show, especially in the case of the 
urine, that it is somewhat dilute, as compared with the 
urine of Wolff’s compilations, and in relation to the nitrogen, 
poor in phosphoric acid and lime. In all specimens of the 
excreta examined, resulting from Japanese food, potash 
and common salt are present in larger proportions than in 
those examined in Europe. This fact seems to corrobo¬ 
rate the hypothesis of Bunge 11 , according to which the 
potash salts of the food have an influence on the excretion 
1) Zeitschrift für Biologie, vol. 9, 1873, p. 104 and vol. 10, 1874, p.111, 
