W. & T. SMITH COMPANY, GENEVA, N. Y. 
n 
“The lime should be placed in a barrel and enough water poured on to almost cover it. As soon as the lime begins 
to slake the sulphur should be added first, after running it through a sieve to break up the lumps. The mixture should 
be constantlv stirred and more water added as needed to form a thick paste at first, and then gradually a thin paste. 
The lime will supply enough heat to boil the mixture several minutes. As soon as it is well slaked, water should be added 
to cool the mixture and prevent further cooking. It is then ready to be strained into the spray tank, diluted and applied. 
"The stage at which cold water should be poured on to stop the cooking varies with different limes. Some limes are 
so sluggish in slaking that it is difficult to obtain enough heat from them to cook the mixture at all, while other limes 
become intensely hot on slaking and care must be taken not to allow the boiling to proceed too far. If the mixture is 
allowed to remain hot fifteen or twenty minutes after the slaking is completed, the sulphur goes into solution, com¬ 
bining with the lime to form sulphides, which are injurious to peach foliage. It is very important, especially with hot 
lime, to cool the mixture quickly by adding a few buckets of water as soon as the lumps of lime have slaked down. The 
intense heat, violent boiling, and constant stirring result in a uniform mixture of finely divided sulphur and lime with 
only a very small percentage of the sulphur in solution. This mixture should be strained to take out the coarse particles 
of lime, but the sulphur should be carefully worked through the strainer.” 
Dilutions for Dormant and Summer Spraying with Lime-Sulphur Mixtures* 
Reading of hydrometer 
Degrees Beaume 
35. 
34. 
33. 
32. 
31. 
30. 
2! i. 
2S. 
20 
25 
Amount of dilution 
Number of gallons of water to one 
gallon of lime-sulphur solution 
Amount of dilution 
Number of gallons of water to one 
For 
For 
For summer 
Reading of hydrometer 
For 
For For summer 
San Jos6 
blister- 
spraying of 
San Jose 
blister- 
spraying of 
scale 
mite 
apples 
Degrees Beaum6 
scale 
mite 
apples 
9 
12 H 
45 
24. 
. . . . 5 
7 
26 
8K 
12 
43 >; 
23. 
. . . . 4)4 
6 y 
24 y 
8 y A 
uy 
41 y 
22 
.... 4X 
6 
22 H 
8 
n 
40 
21. 
. . . . 33/4 
5 y 
21 y 
7 X 
10 K 
37 y 
20. 
.... 3^2 
5 
1934 
7'm 
10 
361 * 
19. 
. . .. 3'A 
4K 
is y 
6)4 
9y 
34 y 
18. 
.... 3 
4X 
17 
6 X 
9 
32 3 4 
17. 
. . . . 234 
4 
16 
6 
*'/2 
31 
16. 
.... 2)4 
33; 
15 
5Lt 
8 
29 >2 
15. 
.... 2)4 
3)4 
14 
5X 
7y 
27 X 
14. 
2 
3 
12K 
ARSENATE 
OF 
LEAD 
Arsenate of lead (powdered). 6 pounds 
Water.100 gallons 
It is better to purchase arsenate of lead than to attempt to make it. In mixing, preparatory to spraying, the amount 
of arsenate of lead for each spray tank full should be worked into a very thin paste having the appearance of milk of 
lime. It should never be thrown as a mass into the spray tank. This is a standard spray for codling moth and other 
eating insects. 
CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE 
(Bichloride of Mercury) 
This is the standard disinfectant when working with PEAR BLIGHT. No other disinfectant should be used to 
wash the cut surfaces or to disinfect the pruning tools. 
Corrosive Sublimate. 1 part 
Water.1000 parts 
Corrosive sublimate may be purchased in tablet form at drug stores and directions for making solutions will be 
found on the container. Never put corrosive sublimate into a metallic container, always use a glass bottle. Be sure 
to label the bottle “Poison” in large, plain letters. It is the deadliest of poisons. 
CONTACT SPRAY FOR SUCKING INSECTS 
Nicotine Sulfate (Blackleaf 40). 1 pint 
Soap. 5 pounds 
Water.100 gallons 
HOW TO SPRAY 
Drench every part of the tree. Spray thoroughly. The most difficult places to reach should receive your most 
careful attention. Reach every crack, calyx cup, behind buds and in bud scales. Do not economize on spray material 
and sacrifice efficiencv. Use a high pressure pump. 200 pounds pressure should be maintained. Spraying out of season 
is valueless. Determine what you must spray for. Use the right kind of material. 
3 
