32 
PLANTS AND INSECTS 
body and having 1 a horn upon the tail. When it has reached its full 
growth, it crawls down the plant and buries itself in the ground, where 
it forms a pupa and remains all winter. 
The pupa is very peculiar in appearance, owing to a long, slender 
tongue-case, so bent as to bring the tip against the breast, of the pupa, 
looking much like a pitcher-handle. 
In the early summer the moth emerges from the ground, mounts 
some plant, and, when evening comes, flies away. 
— N . Grace Graham. 
THE CODLING-MOTH AND PLUM-CURCULIO 
T HE bov or girl who has never had the experience of biting into a 
wormy apple or cherry can be said to have never eaten very many. 
And these “worms,” at which you have scolded, are not worms in the 
strict sense of the word, but are the larvae of two insects—in the apple, 
the larvae of the codling-moth; in the cherry, of the plum-curculio, more 
commonly called the snout-beetle. The plum-curculio sometimes at¬ 
tacks apples too. 
The codling-moth appears about the time the apple-trees' are drop¬ 
ping their bloom. It is not often seen, for it flies at night, and in the 
daytime rests on the bark of trees, which it resembles much in color. 
And, too, it is small, its wing measurement from tip to tip being only 
about three fourths of an inch. 
When examining the wings closely, ‘ ‘ one finds that they are crossed 
by many gray and brown scales and that near the hind angle of each 
front wing there is a large dark-brown spot streaked with gold. The 
hind wings are light-grayish in color, somewhat darker toward the 
margin. ’ ’ 
This moth lays her eggs singly, usually on the leaves near the fruit. 
At first, they are tiny white specks, not larger than pin-lieads; then they 
become transparent and gradually turn to a brownish color, finally 
reaching a black, as the young caterpillars develop within. 
In five to ten days they hatch, and the larvae begin feeding upon 
the. young leaves, gradually making their way toward the fruit. A 
large majority of them enter the fruit at the blossom-end, but a few 
enter at the sides where the apples have touched each other or have 
been rubbed by a leaf. 
